From d1f1621c8443845c91766670c500d5203f7b8bd5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 7 Nov 2013 22:08:14 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 01/16] Update TODO: there are plans for v1.5, and things have been done.

---
 TODO |   11 ++++++++---
 1 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/TODO b/TODO
index 39b8aa5..921fa4c 100644
--- a/TODO
+++ b/TODO
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
+Target for v1.5:
+
+- refactor dspwrappers into a driver-like structure
+- integrate H.G.Muller's work on the xboard protocol on top of that
+- deprecate xshogi in favor of xboard
+- make minishogi a run-time option rather than a compile-time one,
+  using the "variant" mechanism of the xboard protocol
+
 Generic cleanups
 
 - switch cli parsing to getopt
 - hunt for extern's and prototypes spread all over the source
 - merge old Makefile.profile.in back into Makefile.in if meaningful at all
 - use automake
-- drop gnushogi.lng, merge strings back into code
-- use version from configure.ac, get rid of version.h, drop patchlevel
 - hunt for more hardcoded variant-specific constants
   - position of captured pieces in curses mode
   - compile with bound-checker
@@ -17,7 +23,6 @@ Generic cleanups
 
 Minishogi-related stuff
 
-- make minishogi a run-time option rather than a compile-time one
 - minishogi patterns
 - tune difficulty levels
 - other tunings to investigate
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 5acbe6e52b68194097b9d5127a412cbd1c28e509 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 7 Nov 2013 22:23:27 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 02/16] Update manual for maintainer, project communication, and plans.

---
 doc/gnushogi.texinfo |   40 ++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/gnushogi.texinfo b/doc/gnushogi.texinfo
index 2b18bc7..ddf6033 100644
--- a/doc/gnushogi.texinfo
+++ b/doc/gnushogi.texinfo
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 This file describes how to use GNU shogi, 
 a program which plays Shogi (Japanese chess).
 
+Copyright (C) 2013 Yann Dirson and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 Copyright (C) 1999 Michael C. Vanier and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ by the Free Software Foundation.
 @c  The following two commands start the copyright page.
 @page
 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
+Copyright @copyright{} 2013 Yann Dirson and the Free Software Foundation
 Copyright @copyright{} 1999 Michael C. Vanier and the Free Software Foundation
 
 @end titlepage
@@ -127,22 +129,23 @@ GNU shogi is a program that plays shogi, the Japanese version of chess,
 against a human (or computer) opponent.  This file describes how to use
 GNU shogi and also gives background information about the game of shogi.
 
-This file describes GNU shogi version 1.3.2.  It was written by me, Mike
-Vanier, the current maintainer of GNU shogi.  My email address is
-@email{mvanier@@cs.caltech.edu}.
+This file describes GNU Shogi version 1.3.2.  It was written by Mike
+Vanier @email{mvanier@@cs.caltech.edu}, maintainer of GNU shogi at
+that time.
 
+GNU Shogi is currently maintained by Yann Dirson
+@email{ydirson@@free.fr}.
 
-GNU Shogi is actually two programs:
 
-@table @samp
-
-@item gnushogi
-is the text-based program which also contains the game-playing engine.
+GNU Shogi is actually one program, 'gnushogi', the text-based program
+which also contains the game-playing engine.
 
-@item xshogi
-is the X-windows graphical interface to gnushogi.
-
-@end table
+The GNU Shogi distribution also contains the 'xshogi' program, an
+X-Window graphical interface to gnushogi.  XShogi was forked off GNU
+XBoard years ago, is far from today's UI standards, and has barely
+been maintained recently, while XBoard has grown much and is able to
+play Shogi.  In future versions, GNU Shogi will be able to use XBoard
+as a GUI and XShogi will be retired.
 
 Since xshogi invokes gnushogi, most players will just type ``xshogi''
 and start playing.
@@ -2143,12 +2146,13 @@ program.
 @node    Bugs, Index, Acknowledgements, Top
 @chapter Bugs
 
-The motto of GNU shogi is ``100% bug-free or you don't pay!'' :-)  In the
-extremely unlikely case (*ahem*) that you do find a bug, please send me
-(Mike Vanier) an email at @email{mvanier@@cs.caltech.edu}.  Also, feel
-free to send me comments, complaints, out-and-out raves, suggestions,
-plane tickets to Hawaii, and/or large suitcases filled with unmarked,
-untraceable hundred-dollar bills.
+The motto of GNU shogi is ``100% bug-free or you don't pay!'' :-) In
+the extremely unlikely case (*ahem*) that you do find a bug, please
+report it to the bug tracker at
+@uref{https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/gnushogi/}.  Also, feel free
+to post comments, complaints, out-and-out raves, suggestions and such
+to one of the mailing lists at
+@uref{https://savannah.gnu.org/mail/?group=gnushogi}.
 
 
 @c ============
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 4d9929fd417def4018cd25287ecd994ef5374d09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 7 Nov 2013 22:24:01 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 03/16] Prepare v1.4.1rc0.

---
 NEWS         |    4 ++--
 README       |   27 +++++++++++++++------------
 configure.ac |    2 +-
 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 43dac7c..ffdc61b 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 GNU shogi news
 --------------
 
-This file starts with GNU Shogi 1.3 (07/01/1999).
-
 Changes in version 1.4.1 (unpublished):
 
 * Initial support for the MiniShogi variant, for now as a separate
@@ -57,3 +55,5 @@ Changes in version 1.3 (07/1999):
   The man page is included in the texinfo file.  The (separate) man pages have
   been updated to deal with the new command-line options for gnushogi.
 
+
+This file starts with GNU Shogi 1.3 (07/01/1999).
diff --git a/README b/README
index e1c96e3..79a0198 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
-GNU Shogi, release 1.4.0
+GNU Shogi, release 1.4.1 (rc0)
 ------------------------
 
-This is release 1.4.0 of GNU shogi, a program which plays shogi (Japanese
-chess), as well as xshogi, the graphical interface to GNU shogi.  GNU shogi
-and xshogi were originally written by Matthias Mutz (mutz@fmi.uni-passau.de),
-have been maintained by Mike Vanier (mvanier@bbb.caltech.edu) and are now maintained
-by Luis Felipe Strano Moraes (luis.strano@gmail.com). GNU shogi was in turn based on 
-GNU Chess 4.0, i.e. the first version of GNU Shogi was obtained by "simply" modifying
-the chess-specific parts of GNU Chess 4.0.
-We would like to thank the authors of GNU Chess 4.0 for making the sources of
-that program available.
+This is release 1.4.1 of GNU shogi, a program which plays shogi
+(Japanese chess), as well as xshogi, the graphical interface to GNU
+shogi.
+
+GNU shogi and xshogi were originally written by Matthias Mutz
+<mutz@fmi.uni-passau.de>, have been maintained by Mike Vanier
+<mvanier@bbb.caltech.edu> in the 1.3.x era, by Luis Felipe Strano
+Moraes <luis.strano@gmail.com> until 1.4.0, and are now maintained by
+Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>. GNU shogi was in turn based on GNU
+Chess 4.0, i.e. the first version of GNU Shogi was obtained by
+"simply" modifying the chess-specific parts of GNU Chess 4.0.  We
+would like to thank the authors of GNU Chess 4.0 for making the
+sources of that program available.
 
 See the file NEWS for the new features of this release.
 
@@ -19,5 +23,4 @@ on shogi please look at the files in the doc directory or read the info file.
 Please email bugs, comments, suggestions, and wish lists regarding GNU shogi
 to me.  And enjoy the program :-)
 
-Luis Felipe Strano Moraes (luis.strano@gmail.com)
-
+Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 42f3f8c..ce314d9 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 dnl Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
 
 AC_PREREQ(2.57)
-AC_INIT([gnushogi],[1.4.0+],[https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=gnushogi])
+AC_INIT([gnushogi],[1.4.1-rc0],[https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=gnushogi])
 AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([gnushogi/gnushogi.h])
 AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h)
 
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 467b6aec32e3fa0b2e9f09fa90a7a76f78d61eea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2013 21:19:06 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 04/16] Generate HTML doc using makeinfo, instead of obsolecent texi2html

---
 doc/Makefile.in |    2 +-
 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/Makefile.in b/doc/Makefile.in
index 7fd7993..03fbc90 100644
--- a/doc/Makefile.in
+++ b/doc/Makefile.in
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pdf:
 # texi2html.
 
 html:
-	texi2html -split_node $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo
+	makeinfo --html --split=section $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo
 
 ps: dvi
 	dvips -t letter gnushogi.dvi -o gnushogi.ps
-- 
1.7.0.4


From c1fb4a980af4b0828653d09fb16641f93b64eced Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2013 23:03:01 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 05/16] Bump version to "1.4.1-rc0+".

---
 configure.ac |    2 +-
 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index ce314d9..c01d0cf 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 dnl Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
 
 AC_PREREQ(2.57)
-AC_INIT([gnushogi],[1.4.1-rc0],[https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=gnushogi])
+AC_INIT([gnushogi],[1.4.1-rc0+],[https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=gnushogi])
 AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([gnushogi/gnushogi.h])
 AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h)
 
-- 
1.7.0.4


From a20e51b7c79f22d3e30aa2a6a7abc73d8c5d85eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2013 23:10:37 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 06/16] Fully quote autoconf macro arguments, as they should.

---
 configure.ac |   36 ++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index c01d0cf..bae9d3d 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ AS_IF([test "x$with_curses" != xno],
     [-ltermcap])])
 
 # other libraries.
-AC_CHECK_LIB(m, pow)
-AC_CHECK_LIB(termcap, tgoto)
+AC_CHECK_LIB([m], [pow])
+AC_CHECK_LIB([termcap], [tgoto])
 
 
 
@@ -107,15 +107,15 @@ AC_FUNC_SETVBUF_REVERSED
 AC_TYPE_SIGNAL
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS([dup2 gethostname gettimeofday memset pow strcasecmp])
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS([strchr strerror strrchr strstr strtol])
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(memcpy bcopy)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(setlinebuf setvbuf)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS([memcpy bcopy])
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS([setlinebuf setvbuf])
 
 
 #
 # Set various user-definable options.
 #
 
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(minishogi,
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([minishogi],
 [  --enable-minishogi
         Build gnuminishogi instead of gnushogi (default: no)],
 [AC_DEFINE([MINISHOGI], [], [Define to build gnuminishogi instead of gnushogi])
@@ -130,36 +130,36 @@ SECOND_SHOGI_PROGRAM=gnushogi
 FIRST_HOST=localhost
 SECOND_HOST=localhost
 
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(xshogi,
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([xshogi],
 AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-xshogi],
   [compile the xshogi graphical interface to GNU shogi (default: no)]),
-enable_xshogi=$enableval,
-enable_xshogi=no)
+[enable_xshogi=$enableval],
+[enable_xshogi=no])
 
-AC_ARG_WITH(top-part-bitmaps,
+AC_ARG_WITH([top-part-bitmaps],
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-top-part-bitmaps],
   [use top part of Kanji bitmaps only in xshogi]),
-OPT=-DTOP_PART_BITMAPS)
+[OPT=-DTOP_PART_BITMAPS])
 
-AC_ARG_WITH(first-shogi-program,
+AC_ARG_WITH([first-shogi-program],
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-first-shogi-program=PROGNAME],
   [use PROGNAME as the first shogi program in xshogi (default: gnushogi)]),
-FIRST_SHOGI_PROGRAM=$withval)
+[FIRST_SHOGI_PROGRAM=$withval])
 
-AC_ARG_WITH(second-shogi-program,
+AC_ARG_WITH([second-shogi-program],
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-second-shogi-program=PROGNAME],
   [use PROGNAME as the second shogi program in xshogi (default: gnushogi)]),
-SECOND_SHOGI_PROGRAM=$withval)
+[SECOND_SHOGI_PROGRAM=$withval])
 
-AC_ARG_WITH(first-host,
+AC_ARG_WITH([first-host],
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-first-host=HOSTNAME],
   [use HOSTNAME as the machine on which the first shogi program runs in xshogi (default: localhost)]),
-FIRST_HOST=$withval)
+[FIRST_HOST=$withval])
 
-AC_ARG_WITH(second-host,
+AC_ARG_WITH([second-host],
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-second-host=HOSTNAME],
   [use HOSTNAME as the machine on which the second shogi program runs in xshogi (default: localhost)]),
-SECOND_HOST=$withval)
+[SECOND_HOST=$withval])
 
 AC_SUBST(OPT)
 AC_SUBST(FIRST_SHOGI_PROGRAM)
-- 
1.7.0.4


From d5dcedec28a48ae3b1eb8151eb4f8070ff92b3e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2013 23:13:44 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 07/16] Use POSIX setvbuf in preference to BSD setlinebuf.

This avoids implicit declaration of setlinebuf with GNU libc, which would
have required to define _BSD_SOURCE just to get rid of, and is not an
innocuous setting.

Drop call to no-op AC_FUNC_SETVBUF_REVERSED at the same time.
---
 configure.ac      |    3 +--
 gnushogi/rawdsp.c |   10 +++++-----
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index bae9d3d..923ec35 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -103,12 +103,11 @@ AC_MSG_NOTICE([library functions])
 AC_FUNC_FORK
 AC_PROG_GCC_TRADITIONAL
 AC_FUNC_MALLOC
-AC_FUNC_SETVBUF_REVERSED
 AC_TYPE_SIGNAL
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS([dup2 gethostname gettimeofday memset pow strcasecmp])
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS([strchr strerror strrchr strstr strtol])
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS([memcpy bcopy])
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS([setlinebuf setvbuf])
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS([setvbuf setlinebuf])
 
 
 #
diff --git a/gnushogi/rawdsp.c b/gnushogi/rawdsp.c
index 5c4d45d..8337d41 100644
--- a/gnushogi/rawdsp.c
+++ b/gnushogi/rawdsp.c
@@ -223,13 +223,13 @@ Raw_Initialize(void)
         /* needed because of inconsistency between MSVC run-time system and gcc includes */
         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 #else
-#ifdef HAVE_SETLINEBUF
-        setlinebuf(stdout);
-#else
-#  ifdef HAVE_SETVBUF
+#ifdef HAVE_SETVBUF
         setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);
+#else
+#  ifdef HAVE_SETLINEBUF
+        setlinebuf(stdout);
 #  else
-#    error "Need setlinebuf() or setvbuf() to compile gnushogi!"
+#    error "Need setvbuf() or setlinebuf() to compile gnushogi!"
 #  endif
 #endif
 #endif
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 4f565f2015c84ab0d9432ce077de82283ffbd35b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2013 23:18:31 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 08/16] #define _POSIX_C_SOURCE to get proper access to snprintf and vsnprintf.

---
 gnushogi/commondsp.c   |    4 ++++
 gnushogi/cursesdsp.c   |    2 ++
 gnushogi/dspwrappers.c |    3 +++
 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gnushogi/commondsp.c b/gnushogi/commondsp.c
index 8750fcd..4cbfb81 100644
--- a/gnushogi/commondsp.c
+++ b/gnushogi/commondsp.c
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@
  *
  */
 
+/* request *snprintf prototypes */
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L
+#include <stdio.h>
+
 #if defined HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #endif
diff --git a/gnushogi/cursesdsp.c b/gnushogi/cursesdsp.c
index 906e44d..4d00015 100644
--- a/gnushogi/cursesdsp.c
+++ b/gnushogi/cursesdsp.c
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
  * ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
+/* request *snprintf prototypes*/
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <signal.h>
diff --git a/gnushogi/dspwrappers.c b/gnushogi/dspwrappers.c
index 3cdfbce..ee5274d 100644
--- a/gnushogi/dspwrappers.c
+++ b/gnushogi/dspwrappers.c
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@
  *
  */
 
+/* request *snprintf prototypes*/
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L
+
 #include "gnushogi.h"
 #include "dspwrappers.h"
 #include "rawdsp.h"
-- 
1.7.0.4


From f0f49ca1e9c2988e14ed7ea56e4d9a7666089691 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2013 23:23:19 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 09/16] Update .gitignore for doc/ dir.

---
 .gitignore |    3 ++-
 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 046ccbc..eddd488 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 /Makefile
 /gnushogi/Makefile
 /gnushogi/Makefile.profile
+/doc/Makefile
 /xshogi/Makefile
 
 *.o
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@
 /xshogi/xshogi
 
 /doc/gnushogi*.info
-/doc/gnushogi*.html
+/doc/gnushogi/
 /doc/*.ps
 /doc/*.pdf
 /doc/*.aux
-- 
1.7.0.4


From f92bdd9f1749d7d6d0b37c1f3870e58a98d1e142 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Sun, 15 Dec 2013 12:45:02 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 10/16] Move into opts.h the "mostly for hacking" remark from INSTALL file.

---
 gnushogi/opts.h |    3 ++-
 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gnushogi/opts.h b/gnushogi/opts.h
index a477137..6e87d12 100644
--- a/gnushogi/opts.h
+++ b/gnushogi/opts.h
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@
 
 /*
  * This file is for options that control the behavior of GNU shogi,
- * and also for debugging #defines.  They were previously placed on the
+ * probably only be of interest to people who are hacking the source codes.
+ * They were previously placed on the
  * command line as -D<option> statements, but this cluttered things
  * up so much that I changed it.  For the evaluator options, I recommend
  * you don't change anything unless you *really* know what you're doing.
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 9877df618bced42e77c2ea0e3498dd1b514a4d77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Mon, 16 Dec 2013 22:53:23 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 11/16] Minor makefile improvements

---
 Makefile.in |    3 ++-
 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Makefile.in b/Makefile.in
index 7cc94d5..2ddcab5 100644
--- a/Makefile.in
+++ b/Makefile.in
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ dist:
 	tar -cf - --exclude .git --exclude $(DISTNAME) $(ROOT) | (cd $(DISTNAME) && tar -xf -)
 	cd $(DISTNAME) && $(ROOT)/autogen.sh && $(ROOT)/configure
 	cd $(DISTNAME)/doc && $(MAKE) info
-	cd $(DISTNAME) && make distclean
+	cd $(DISTNAME) && $(MAKE) distclean
 	tar -zcf $(DISTNAME).tar.gz $(DISTNAME)
 
 #
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ DISTCLEANFILES = \
 
 distclean: clean
 	rm -rf $(DISTCLEANFILES)
+	find -name '*~' | xargs rm
 	cd $(BUILDROOT)/doc && $(MAKE) distclean
 
 #
-- 
1.7.0.4


From deef27a5a5543f0af93848cdeacd3ce1782e7dcf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Mon, 16 Dec 2013 22:52:53 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 12/16] Fix ordering of include dirs.

Local headers first, then build dir, then src dir.
---
 gnushogi/Makefile.in |    2 +-
 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gnushogi/Makefile.in b/gnushogi/Makefile.in
index b4c3932..bd2c6a5 100644
--- a/gnushogi/Makefile.in
+++ b/gnushogi/Makefile.in
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ LCURSES = @LIBCURSES@
 CC          = @CC@
 CWARNINGS   = @WARNINGS@
 CEXTRAFLAGS = @CEXTRAFLAGS@
-CFLAGS      = @CFLAGS@ $(HASH) $(CEXTRAFLAGS) $(CWARNINGS) -I$(ROOT) -I@top_builddir@ -I.
+CFLAGS      = @CFLAGS@ $(HASH) $(CEXTRAFLAGS) $(CWARNINGS) -I. -I@top_builddir@ -I$(ROOT)
 LDFLAGS     = @LDFLAGS@
 
 # The hashfile is a record of positions seen. It is used by
-- 
1.7.0.4


From a5fc6dab85bcfa63ba85aa81437393918238a98c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2013 23:39:10 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 13/16] Use .texi suffix, preferred to .texinfo.

---
 doc/Makefile.in      |   10 +-
 doc/gnushogi.texi    | 2177 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 doc/gnushogi.texinfo | 2177 --------------------------------------------------
 3 files changed, 2182 insertions(+), 2182 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 doc/gnushogi.texi
 delete mode 100644 doc/gnushogi.texinfo

diff --git a/doc/Makefile.in b/doc/Makefile.in
index 03fbc90..356926d 100644
--- a/doc/Makefile.in
+++ b/doc/Makefile.in
@@ -6,19 +6,19 @@ CLEANFILES = *.log *.dvi *.aux *.dlog \
 SRCDIR = @srcdir@
 
 info:
-	makeinfo $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo
+	makeinfo $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texi
 
 dvi:
-	texi2dvi $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo
+	texi2dvi $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texi
 
 pdf:
-	texi2pdf $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo
+	texi2pdf $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texi
 
 # I do some egregious hacks to get around limitations of 
 # texi2html.
 
 html:
-	makeinfo --html --split=section $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo
+	makeinfo --html --split=section $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texi
 
 ps: dvi
 	dvips -t letter gnushogi.dvi -o gnushogi.ps
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ ps2: dvi
 	dvi2ps gnushogi.dvi > gnushogi.ps
 
 spell:
-	tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' < $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texinfo | tr -cd '[A-Za-z0-9_ \012]' | \
+	tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' < $(SRCDIR)/gnushogi.texi | tr -cd '[A-Za-z0-9_ \012]' | \
 	tr -s '[ ]' '\012' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | spell | sort | uniq
 
 clean:
diff --git a/doc/gnushogi.texi b/doc/gnushogi.texi
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+\input texinfo   @c -*-texinfo-*-
+
+@c % **  Start of header.
+@setfilename gnushogi.info
+@settitle GNU Shogi manual
+@c % **  End of header.
+
+@dircategory Games
+@direntry
+* gnushogi: (gnushogi).		 Japanese chess
+@end direntry
+
+@setchapternewpage odd
+
+@c ==================================
+@c TeX-specific macros
+@c ==================================
+
+@c None yet!
+
+@c ==================================
+@c info-specific macros
+@c ==================================
+
+@c None yet!
+
+@c ==================================
+@c Summary description and copyright.
+@c ==================================
+
+@ifinfo
+
+This file describes how to use GNU shogi, 
+a program which plays Shogi (Japanese chess).
+
+Copyright (C) 2013 Yann Dirson and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1999 Michael C. Vanier and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
+this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+are preserved on all copies.
+
+@ignore
+Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
+results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
+notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
+(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
+@end ignore
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
+resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
+notice identical to this one.
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
+into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
+except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
+by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+@end ifinfo
+
+@c =========================================
+@c End of summary description and copyright.
+@c =========================================
+
+
+@c ====================
+@c Title and copyright.
+@c ====================
+
+@titlepage
+@sp 10
+@comment The title is printed in a large font.
+@center @titlefont{GNU Shogi (Japanese chess)}
+@author   Mike Vanier
+
+@c  The following two commands start the copyright page.
+@page
+@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
+Copyright @copyright{} 2013 Yann Dirson and the Free Software Foundation
+Copyright @copyright{} 1999 Michael C. Vanier and the Free Software Foundation
+
+@end titlepage
+
+@c ===========================
+@c End of title and copyright.
+@c ===========================
+
+
+@c =========================
+@c Top node and master menu.
+@c =========================
+
+@node    Top, (dir), (dir), (dir)
+@top     GNU Shogi (Japanese chess)
+
+@ifnottex
+@menu
+* Introduction::         What is GNU shogi?
+* About shogi::          General information, rules, etc.
+* gnushogi::             How to play GNU shogi (gnushogi).
+* xshogi::               The X interface to GNU shogi.
+* References and links:: Where to go for more information.
+* Acknowledgements::
+* Bugs::                 Where and how to report bugs.
+* Index::        
+@end menu
+@end ifnottex
+
+@iftex
+This document describes GNU shogi, a program which plays Japanese chess
+(shogi) against a human opponent.
+@end iftex
+
+@c ================================
+@c End of top node and master menu.
+@c ================================
+
+
+@c =====
+@c Body.
+@c =====
+
+@node Introduction, About shogi, Top, Top
+@chapter Introduction
+@cindex Introduction
+
+GNU shogi is a program that plays shogi, the Japanese version of chess,
+against a human (or computer) opponent.  This file describes how to use
+GNU shogi and also gives background information about the game of shogi.
+
+This file describes GNU Shogi version 1.3.2.  It was written by Mike
+Vanier @email{mvanier@@cs.caltech.edu}, maintainer of GNU shogi at
+that time.
+
+GNU Shogi is currently maintained by Yann Dirson
+@email{ydirson@@free.fr}.
+
+
+GNU Shogi is actually one program, 'gnushogi', the text-based program
+which also contains the game-playing engine.
+
+The GNU Shogi distribution also contains the 'xshogi' program, an
+X-Window graphical interface to gnushogi.  XShogi was forked off GNU
+XBoard years ago, is far from today's UI standards, and has barely
+been maintained recently, while XBoard has grown much and is able to
+play Shogi.  In future versions, GNU Shogi will be able to use XBoard
+as a GUI and XShogi will be retired.
+
+Since xshogi invokes gnushogi, most players will just type ``xshogi''
+and start playing.
+
+Disclaimer: I use the personal pronouns ``him'', ``his'' etc. to refer
+to a shogi player regardless of gender.  That's easier than writing
+``his or her'' all over the place.  I don't mean to infer that women
+don't play shogi; in fact shogi is very popular in Japan among women as
+well as men.
+
+
+@node    About shogi, gnushogi, Introduction, Top
+@chapter About the game of shogi
+     
+
+@quotation
+``Japanese chess cedes nothing in depth or beauty to the European
+game... it is at least as interesting.''
+
+--- Alexander Alekhine @*
+(quoted in David Pritchard, @cite{The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants}) 
+
+``... shogi [is] by far the most complex form of chess that has ever
+achieved widespread popularity.''
+
+--- R. Wayne Schmittberger, @cite{New Rules for Classic Games}
+@end quotation
+
+Shogi is the version of chess played in Japan.  It is strikingly
+different from standard chess (which I shall refer to henceforth as
+``international chess'') and also to all other regional variants,
+because captured pieces can re-enter play on the side of the capturer.
+This has several interesting effects on the play of the game:
+
+@enumerate
+@item
+Shogi is much more complex than international chess, at least in
+terms of the average number of possible moves per turn (estimated at
+about 35 for chess and at about 80 for shogi).
+
+@item
+There are almost no draws (about 1-2% of all games in professional play).
+
+@item
+Exchanges complicate the play rather than simplifying it.
+
+@item
+There are no ``endgames'' in the standard chess sense; all pieces remain
+in play throughout the game.  Games typically end in a race to
+checkmate the other player before being checkmated oneself.
+
+@item
+Ownership of a piece is not indicated by the color of the piece;
+instead, pieces are wedge-shaped and point towards the opponent.  The
+name of the piece is inscribed in Kanji characters on the front of the
+piece.
+
+@item
+Most importantly: it's more fun than other forms of chess :-)
+
+@end enumerate
+
+Shogi is extremely popular in Japan; it has been estimated that 20
+million Japanese can play shogi, of which perhaps 1 million are active
+players.  It is even more popular there than the game of go, Japan's
+other favorite board game.  There are a number of professional players
+who make a considerable amount of money playing in shogi tournaments,
+and the game receives extensive newpaper and television coverage.
+Despite this, the game has yet to become popular outside of Japan.  Part
+of this is because the Kanji characters on the pieces scare away some
+people, but mostly it's due, I think, to lack of exposure to the game
+and to the difficulty of finding opponents.  I hope that GNU shogi will
+help introduce shogi to a wider audience.
+
+@ifnottex
+@menu
+* The rules of shogi::
+* Sample game::
+* Mating problems::
+* Shogi variants::
+* Differences between shogi and chess::
+@end menu
+@end ifnottex
+
+
+@c -------------------------------------------------------
+@c 
+@c The rules of shogi.
+@c
+@c -------------------------------------------------------
+
+@node    The rules of shogi, Sample game, About shogi, About shogi
+@section The rules of shogi
+@cindex  Rules
+
+Shogi is a two-person abstract strategy board game with full information
+(i.e. all pieces and moves are visible to both players at all times).
+It is in the chess family, being descended from the same ancestral game
+as international chess: the Indian game of Chaturanga.  The two players
+are referred to as ``Black'' and ``White'', with Black moving first
+(unlike in international chess, where White moves first), and with
+movement alternating between the two players.  Note that ``Black'' and
+``White'' are just names; the pieces are not colored.  Instead, they are
+flat, wedge-shaped pieces which point towards the opponent.  The
+identity of a given piece is indicated by two Japanese Kanji characters
+on each piece.  In fact, only the top character is needed to identify
+the piece and thus only the top character is used in shogi diagrams.  I
+will use alphabetical equivalents in the diagrams here; to see what the
+Kanji characters look like, start up xshogi (@pxref{xshogi}) and compare
+the starting setup there with the starting setup in this file
+(@pxref{The opening setup}).
+
+The object of the game is to capture the opponent's King.  The board is
+a grid of 9x9 uncolored squares, and pieces are placed on the squares.
+Each player begins with 20 pieces, described in the next section.
+Capture is by displacement, as in international chess.
+
+@ifnottex
+@menu
+* The moves of the pieces::
+* The opening setup::
+* Promotion of pieces::
+* Drops::
+* Winning the game::
+* Draws::
+* Handicaps::
+* Notes for chess players::
+@end menu
+@end ifnottex
+
+@c The moves of the pieces.
+
+@node       The moves of the pieces, The opening setup, The rules of shogi, The rules of shogi
+@subsection The moves of the pieces
+@cindex     Piece moves
+
+Each player at the beginning of a shogi game has a total of 20 pieces of
+eight different types.  The moves of the shogi pieces can be divided
+into three classes: ``stepping'' pieces, that only move one square at a
+time; ``ranging'' pieces that move any number of unobstructed squares in
+a line, and ``jumping'' pieces that can jump over obstructing pieces to
+reach their destination squares.  Most pieces can also promote to
+different (usually stronger) pieces under certain circumstances (see the
+next section).  All pieces capture the same way that they move (even
+pawns).  The piece moves and promotions are as follows; each piece name
+is followed by the standard piece abbreviation:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item
+The king (K).  The king can move one square in any horizontal, vertical,
+or diagonal direction, just like the king in international chess.  The
+king does not promote.
+
+@item
+The rook (R).  The rook can move any number of squares in a horizontal
+or vertical direction.  The rook is the same as the rook in
+international chess (except that it can promote).  A rook promotes to a
+``dragon king'' or ``dragon'' for short (often just referred to as a
+``promoted rook''), which can move as a rook or can move one square in
+any diagonal direction.
+
+@item
+The bishop (B).  The bishop can move any number of squares in a diagonal
+direction.  The bishop is the same as the bishop in international chess
+(except that it can promote).  A bishop promotes to a ``dragon horse''
+or ``horse'' for short (often just referred to as a ``promoted
+bishop''), which can move as a bishop or can move one square in any
+horizontal or vertical direction.  Note: the horse should not be
+confused with a knight (see below), as they are two completely different
+pieces.
+
+@item
+The gold general (G).  A gold general can move one square in any
+horizontal or vertical direction, or one square in a forward diagonal
+direction.  Gold generals do not promote.
+
+@item
+The silver general (S).  A silver general can move one square in any
+diagonal direction, or one square straight forward.  A silver general
+promotes to a gold general.
+
+@item
+The knight (N).  A knight can move one square straight forward followed
+by one square to either forward diagonal, jumping over intervening
+pieces if any.  In other words, a knight moves like its international
+chess counterpart, but forward only.  A knight promotes to a gold
+general.  The knight is the only jumping piece, as in chess.
+
+@item
+The lance (L).  A lance can move any number of squares straight forward.
+A lance promotes to a gold general.
+
+@item
+The pawn (P).  A pawn can move one square straight forward.  The pawn
+captures the same way that it moves, in contrast to international chess.
+There is also no initial two-space move for pawns and no
+@emph{en-passant} capture.  A pawn promotes to a gold general; a
+promoted pawn is usually known as a ``Tokin''.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+
+@c The opening setup.
+
+@node       The opening setup, Promotion of pieces, The moves of the pieces, The rules of shogi
+@subsection The opening setup
+@cindex     Opening setup
+
+The opening setup for shogi is as follows:
+
+@ifnottex
+@verbatim
+   9    8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1
++--------------------------------------------+
+| wL | wN | wS | wG | wK | wG | wS | wN | wL |  a
++--------------------------------------------+
+|    | wR |    |    |    |    |    | wB |    |  b
++--------------------------------------------+
+| wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP |  c
++--------------------------------------------+
+|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  d
++--------------------------------------------+
+|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  e
++--------------------------------------------+
+|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  f
++--------------------------------------------+
+| bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP |  g
++--------------------------------------------+
+|    | bB |    |    |    |    |    | bR |    |  h
++--------------------------------------------+
+| bL | bN | bS | bG | bK | bG | bS | bN | bL |  i
++--------------------------------------------+
+@end verbatim
+@end ifnottex
+
+@c The following TeX macros are taken with permission from 
+@c "TeX for the Beginner" by Wynter Snow.
+
+@tex
+\def\startline{\par\nobreak\noindent}
+
+{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\gdef\beginVerbatim{\bigbreak%
+\begingroup%
+\parskip=0pt%
+\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\let^^M=\startline%
+\tt}}
+\gdef\endVerbatim{\endgroup\bigbreak}
+\beginVerbatim
+
+
+   9    8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1
++--------------------------------------------+     
+| wL | wN | wS | wG | wK | wG | wS | wN | wL |  a   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+|    | wR |    |    |    |    |    | wB |    |  b   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+| wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP |  c   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  d   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  e   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  f   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+| bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP |  g   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+|    | bB |    |    |    |    |    | bR |    |  h   
++--------------------------------------------+     
+| bL | bN | bS | bG | bK | bG | bS | bN | bL |  i   
++--------------------------------------------+
+
+\endVerbatim
+@end tex
+
+Here, ``b'' stands for ``black'' and ``w'' stands for ``white'', so
+that, for instance, ``bL'' means ``black lance''.  The numbers above the
+files and the letters to the right of the ranks represent the most
+common notation system used for shogi by westerners (the Japanese also
+use Arabic numerals for the files but use Japanese numerals for the
+ranks).  
+
+
+@c Promotion of pieces.
+
+@node       Promotion of pieces, Drops, The opening setup, The rules of shogi
+@subsection Promotion of pieces
+@cindex     Piece promotion
+
+In sharp contrast to international chess, where only pawns can promote
+to higher-ranked pieces, most of the pieces in shogi can promote.  The
+promoted ranks are discussed in the section on piece moves (@pxref{The
+moves of the pieces}) but are repeated here for reference:
+
+@table @asis
+
+@item Pawn
+promotes to gold general (called a `tokin' in this case only).
+
+@item Lance
+promotes to gold general.
+
+@item Knight
+promotes to gold general.
+
+@item Silver general
+promotes to gold general.
+
+@item Gold general
+does not promote.
+
+@item Bishop
+promotes to ``dragon horse'' or just ``horse'' for short.  The horse can
+move as a bishop or can move one square in any orthogonal direction.
+
+@item Rook
+promotes to ``dragon king'' or just ``dragon'' for short.  The dragon
+can move as a rook or can move one square in any diagonal direction.
+
+@item King
+does not promote.
+
+@end table
+
+The three ranks furthest away from each player constitute his/her
+``promotion zone''.  A player may, but is not required to, promote a
+piece after making a move in which the piece begins and/or ends in the
+promotion zone.  Thus you can promote a piece when moving the piece into
+the promotion zone, out of the promotion zone, or entirely within the
+promotion zone.  Promotion is mandatory in these cases:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item You must promote a pawn or a lance after moving it to the last rank.
+
+@item You must promote a knight after moving it to either of the last
+two ranks.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+These forced promotions ensure that a piece cannot be moved to a square
+from which it would have no further move.
+
+Pieces ``dropped'' onto the board (@pxref{Drops}) always drop in the
+unpromoted state, even if they drop into the promotion zone.
+
+
+
+@c Drops.
+
+@node       Drops, Winning the game, Promotion of pieces, The rules of shogi
+@subsection Drops
+@cindex     Drops
+
+When a player captures a piece, that piece is not removed from play.
+Instead, it becomes the property of the capturer and can re-enter play
+by being placed on (almost) any vacant square during the player's move.
+This is known as a ``drop'' and counts as a full move (in other words,
+you can either move a piece on the board or drop a piece onto the board
+during your move, but not both).  All pieces drop in the unpromoted
+state.  Pieces may be legally dropped in their promotion zone, but they
+do not promote on that turn.
+
+There are several restrictions on drops:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item A pawn may not be dropped onto a file if there is already an
+unpromoted pawn belonging to the same player on that file.  It is legal
+to drop a pawn on a file which contains a @emph{promoted} pawn belonging
+to the same player, however.
+
+@item A pawn may not be dropped to give immediate checkmate on the
+move.  A pawn is, however, permitted to be moved on the board to give
+immediate checkmate.  This is a curious rule, and if anyone knows the
+reason for it I would appreciate it if they would contact me and explain
+it to me :-)
+
+@item A pawn or piece may not be dropped onto a square from which they
+would have no legal move.  This means that pawns and lances may not be
+dropped onto the last rank, and the knight may not be dropped onto the
+last or second-to-last rank.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+It is entirely permissible (and often advisable) to drop a piece or pawn
+between one's King and an attacking ranging piece.  For this reason,
+the final checkmating move is nearly always an attack on the King from
+an adjacent square (except for an attack by a Knight).
+
+Captured pieces are said to be pieces ``in hand''.
+
+The drop is the primary distinguishing feature of Japanese chess, shared
+with no other popular chess-type game.  It gives shogi a very aggressive
+quality, and dramatically increases the number of possible moves once a
+few pieces have been captured.  Another interesting feature of shogi is
+that exchanges complicate play rather than simplifying it (as in
+international chess), because of the drop rule.
+
+
+@c Winning.
+
+@node       Winning the game, Draws, Drops, The rules of shogi
+@subsection Winning the game
+@cindex     Winning the game
+
+A game of shogi is won by capturing the opponent's king.  In general,
+this is done by checkmating the king: attacking the king in such a way
+that the king cannot be defended no matter what the defending player
+moves.  Note, though, that there is no rule that requires a player to
+defend a king which is being attacked.  However, if he does not defend
+his king, the opponent is entirely free to capture it on the next move,
+thus winning the game.  As in international chess, in practice most
+games end by resignation when one player realizes that he cannot escape
+checkmate. 
+
+
+@c Draws.
+
+@node       Draws, Handicaps, Winning the game, The rules of shogi
+@subsection Draws
+@cindex     Draws
+
+There are very few draws in shogi; only about 1-2% of professional games
+end in a draw.  One reason for this is that material can never be
+depleted as in chess, because captured pieces are constantly re-entering
+play as a consequence of the drop rule.  In fact, most of the ways a
+game can be drawn in chess are not allowed in shogi:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item Draws cannot be offered.
+
+@item There is no fifty-move rule.
+
+@item A stalemate counts as a win for the stalemater.  Stated otherwise:
+if you can't move, you lose.
+
+@item Perpetual check is illegal (see below).
+
+@end itemize
+
+There are only two legal ways in which a draw can occur:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item A position (including the pieces in hand) occurs 4 times with the same
+player to move (called ``Sennichite'').  However, if this is caused by
+consecutive checks (direct attacks on the King, threatening to capture
+it on the next move) by one side, the player giving these checks loses
+the game.  In other words, perpetual check results in a loss for the
+attacker who recreates the same position the 4th time.
+
+@item Both players have moved their King into the the promotion zone (or they
+cannot be prevented from doing so) and the Kings cannot be checkmated.
+A King who has entered the promotion zone is known as an ``entering
+King''; due to the forward orientation of most shogi pieces, it is very
+hard to mate such a King.  In that case the players may decide to count
+their pieces as follows: the King does not count, the Rook and Bishop
+count as 5 points, and all other pieces as one point.  Promotion is
+disregarded.  If both players have at least 24 points the game is a draw
+(called ``Jishogi'').  If a player has less, he loses the game.
+
+Of course, a player can refuse to count pieces when he still has mating
+chances or chances to gain material which would affect the outcome of
+the counting.  There is no strict rule about what to do if this is not
+the case, but nonetheless a player refuses to count up (e.g. because he
+does not have enough points for a draw).  It has been generally accepted
+that in such a case the game ends and the pieces are counted after one
+player has managed to get all his pieces protected in the promotion
+zone.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+@c Handicaps.
+
+@node       Handicaps, Notes for chess players, Draws, The rules of shogi
+@subsection Handicaps
+@cindex     Handicaps
+
+Unlike international chess, shogi has a well-established handicap system
+which is used when players of different strengths play against each
+other.  Handicaps range from small to huge, which makes it possible for
+weak players to play against even very strong players and have an even
+chance of winning.
+
+Shogi players are ranked as follows: the weakest rank is around 15
+``kyu'', which represents a beginner.  14 kyu is higher than 15 kyu, 13
+kyu is higher still, and so on until you get to 1 kyu.  The next highest
+rank is 1 ``dan'', followed by 2 dan, 3 dan and so forth.  The highest
+amateur rank is 6 dan; professionals go up to 9 dan.  However,
+professional ranks are not the same as amateur ranks; a professional 1
+dan is @emph{much} stronger than an amateur 1 dan.  This system is
+similar to that used by go players (and also other Japanese sports such
+as karate).
+
+A handicap consists of the stronger player playing White and removing
+one or more pieces from his side of the board at the start of the game.
+These pieces are permanently removed from play; they are not in hand.
+
+The following is a list of the accepted handicaps, from weakest to
+strongest.  The degree of the handicap, represented by the position in
+the list, represents the difference in rank between the two players for
+which the handicap is appropriate.  These rules are taken from the books
+``Shogi for Beginners'' by John Fairbairn and ``The Art of Shogi'' by
+Tony Hoskings (@pxref{References and links}) and, I believe, represent
+current Japanese practice.
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his left lance (on 1a).
+
+@item 
+The players play a two-game match; in the first game the stronger player
+removes his left lance (on 1a), while in the second game he removes his
+bishop.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his bishop.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his rook.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his rook and left lance.
+
+@item 
+The players play a two-game match; in the first game the stronger player
+removes his rook and left lance (on 1a), while in the second game he
+removes his rook and bishop.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his rook and bishop.  This is usually called
+a ``two-piece'' handicap.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his rook, bishop, and both lances.  This is
+called a ``four-piece'' handicap.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his rook, bishop, both lances, and both
+knights.  This is called a ``six-piece'' handicap.
+
+@item 
+The stronger player removes his rook, bishop, both lances, both knights,
+and both silvers.  This is called an ``eight-piece'' handicap.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+Another advantage of playing handicap games is that the handicaps alter
+the optimal strategy for both players.  For instance, handicaps all have
+their own opening lines which may bear little or no resemblance to those
+used in non-handicap shogi.  This means that when learning handicap
+shogi, you are essentially learning completely new games which use the
+same equipment!
+
+The reader may wonder how on earth a player giving an eight-piece
+handicap, say, could possibly hope to win.  Don't forget, though, that
+in shogi the opponent's pieces can be captured and then become part of
+one's own army.  Thus, if the opponent plays badly enough, the number of
+pieces will soon even out.
+
+
+@c Notes for chess players.
+
+@node       Notes for chess players,  , Handicaps, The rules of shogi
+@subsection Notes for chess players
+
+Here are a few miscellaneous things that may confuse chess players.
+Some of these have been mentioned elsewhere, but they bear repeating.
+
+@enumerate
+@item There is no queen.
+
+@item Pawns capture the same way they move.  There is no initial
+two-space pawn move and no @emph{en-passant} move.
+
+@item There is no special castling move.  There @emph{are} a large
+number of possible defensive formations referred to as ``castles''
+(@pxref{Sample game}) but there is no need for special moves to create
+them.
+
+@item A given piece can only promote to @emph{one} other kind of piece.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+@c 
+@c Sample game.
+@c 
+
+@node    Sample game, Mating problems, The rules of shogi, About shogi
+@section Sample game
+@cindex  Sample game
+
+@c This will have to be spruced up for the TeX version...
+
+This game was annotated by Pieter Stouten (@pxref{References and
+links}).  I have made some minor corrections.  Note that captures are
+denoted by the ``x'' symbol e.g. Rx3f and drops are denoted by the ``*''
+symbol e.g. R*3f.  Check is indicated by a ``+'' after the move,
+e.g. R3f+.  I recommend you use gnushogi/xshogi to play along with this
+game.  In xshogi simply hit the ``Force Moves'' button after starting
+up, while in gnushogi enter the word ``force'' at the prompt.  This will
+allow you to enter moves for both sides.
+
+Note also that the move numbering system used here is the chess-type
+system where one move means one move by each player.  The Japanese count
+one move made by each player as two moves.
+
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Below you will find (the English translation of) an annotated game which
+was published in the Dutch Shogi magazine ``81'' and in the Dutch
+beginners booklet.  It has proven to be a very useful game to explain
+some basic principles of Shogi.  Also, it is a rather straightforward
+game compared to professional games where in most cases very diffuse
+middle game fights take place.
+
+   Pieter Stouten, 14th May 1990.
+
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Black: Michael Trent (1-dan).  White: David Murphy (2-dan).
+
+   1. P2f P3d  2. P2e B3c @*
+[ This move is necessary, as otherwise white can exchange pawns: 3. P2d
+Px2d 4. Rx2d.  He would thus get a pawn in hand and open up his rook
+file. ]
+
+   3. P7f P4d @*
+[ White closes the bishop diagonal again.  He plans to play ranging rook
+(the rook goes to 5b, 4b, 3 or 2b; a defensive strategy) and in that
+case he'd better avoid an exchange of bishops.  One of the reasons is
+that he will have problems developing his pieces without leaving holes
+for bishop drops. ]
+
+   4. S4h R3b  5. P3f S4b  6. K6h K6b @*
+[ In general the rook plays an important role in the attacks.  It is
+wise to move the king away from the area where the initial fights will
+be and both players act according to the Shogi proverb ``keep the rook
+and king apart''. ]
+
+   7. K7h K7b  8. P5f P5d  9. G4i-5h G4a-5b @*
+[ Both players use their second gold general to build their castle. ]
+
+   10. S6h @*
+[ In itself this move is not bad.  However, it will become clear that
+black plans a quick attack and in that case it is wiser to omit this
+move. ]
+
+   10... S5c  11. P1f P1d @*
+[ The advance of the edge pawns must be timed very well.  The remark at
+black's tenth move applies here too: this move is good if black wants to
+play a slow game, because it eliminates a future B1e. ]
+
+   12. P4f K8b  13. N3g S7b @*
+[ Black develops his knight in order to start an attack over the second,
+third and fourth files.  White strengthens his king's position and
+awaits the attack.  He aims at a counterattack as soon as black has
+broken through into the white camp.  Probably white's breakthrough will
+take place later, but he has good compensation in the form of a stronger
+castle.  This theme occurs very often in static rook versus ranging rook
+games. ]
+
+   14. P4e R4b @*
+[ Black starts his attack and white puts up a very passive defence.  His
+rook has a hard task now to penetrate the black position.  Moreover, he
+blocks his own bishop.  It seems much better to start a counterattack
+with 14... P3e, later to be followed by B2b, B5a or Bx4d in order to use
+his rook more actively. ]
+
+   15. Px4d Sx4d  16. P*4e S5c @*
+[ 16... Sx4e is more active.  A silver general is normally more valuable
+than a knight, but white gets two pawns in hand and black none, while
+the knight might come in handy for white too. ]
+
+   17. Bx3c+ Nx3c  18. P2d Px2d @*
+[ Black threatens to break through and white has to consider taking the
+pawn on 2d or starting a counterattack with Nx4e.  If he chooses the
+latter, black can play Px2c+ followed by +P3c.  The disadvantage is the
+black ``tokin'' (=promoted pawn) that white will get in his camp; the
+advantage is that it will cost black two more moves to promote his rook.
+Because white did not trust that the result after engaging in a
+``semeai'' (=mutual attack) with 18...Nx4e would give a positive result,
+he captured the pawn on 2d.  Making the right decision in moments like
+this often makes the difference between a win and a loss: miss one
+attacking chance and you will be forced to defend the whole game until
+the unavoidable defeat; on the other hand, an unsound attack can destroy
+all ``aji'' (=potential, meaning possibilities, threats) without getting
+anything in return. ]
+
+   19. Rx2d Nx4e  20. Nx4e Rx4e  21. R2a+ P*4g @*
+[ Now it becomes clear why black's 10. S6h was not good.  Had this move
+been omitted, then white would not have had the time to play 13... S7b
+and after R2a+ the gold on 6a would hang.  Thus black would have kept
+``sente'' (=initiative).  Instead of 21... P*4g, B*6d is a very good
+move, because after 22. P*2h black does not have a pawn in hand anymore
+and he is being threatened with the annoying 22... N*4f 23. G5g N3h+
+24. S4g +N4h also.  Black can also counter 21... B*6d with 22. N*3g.
+White would then reply with 22... R4b 23. B*3c P*4g 24. Bx4b+ Sx4b.  The
+white rook has played its role and instead of spending moves on saving
+it white starts to scatter black's defences by successive pawn drops on
+the fourth file: 25. Gx4g P*4f 26. G5g N*6e 27. G5h P4g+ 28. Gx4g P*4f.
+This analysis was provided by Kato Hifumi, 9-dan professional (the
+highest regular grade).  Destroying the coherence of the enemy pieces
+(their shape) by dropping pawns is one of the most important Shogi
+techniques.  With the actual move 21... P*4g white missed a good
+chance. ]
+
+   22. Sx4g P*4f  23. B*3g Px4g+  24. +Rx6a +Px3g @*
+[ 23. B*3g seems pointless, but a closer look reveals that it is
+actually quite mean.  On move 24 white cannot capture black's ``Ryu''
+(=dragon =promoted rook) with his silver: 24... Sx6a 25. N*7d K7b
+26. G*8b mate.  By attacking the front of the white castle and
+threatening to mate him there, black has the chance to break down the
+white defences from the side. ]
+
+   25. +Rx5b S*6b @*
+[ Here 25... B*4d would be much better, because it is defensive and
+attacking at the same time.  After e.g. 26. G*4c Bx9i+ 27. Gx5c black
+threatens 28. +Rx7b Kx7b 29. S*6a K8b 30. S*7a Kx7a 31. G*7b mate.
+White is one move quicker, however.  He has the following beautiful
+``tsume'' (mating sequence where every move is check): 27... N*8f 28. Px8f
+S*8g 29. Kx8g B*9h 30. K7h Bx8i+ 31. K8g +B8i-8h 32. K9f L*9e mate.
+This illustrates the sharpness of Shogi: one move can make the
+difference between winning and losing. ]
+
+   26. P*4f Rx4f @*
+[ This move eliminates white's last chances.  26... R4b 27. +Rx4b Sx4b
+28. R*4a seems annoying, but after 28... B*3c 29. S7g B*3b white wins
+the rook and with his ``tokin'' on 3g there still is some hope. ]
+
+   27. N*6e +P4g @*
+[ White cannot defend anymore, so he starts a desperate attack.  Black
+does not lose the right track, however. ]
+
+   28. Nx5c+ +Px5h  29. +Nx6b +Px6h  30. Gx6h N*8f  31. Px8f B*6i  32. Gx6i
+   R4h+  33. N*6h +Rx6h  34. Gx6h S*8g  35. Kx8g N*9e  36. K7h Resigns @*
+[ White resigns here, because after 36... B*8g 27. K7g his attack has
+petered out. ]
+
+@page
+
+
+@c 
+@c Mating problems.
+@c 
+
+@node    Mating problems, Shogi variants, Sample game, About shogi
+@section Mating problems
+
+One good way to improve at shogi is to solve mating problems.  There are
+several types of these problems, but the most common is called a
+``tsume-shogi'' problem, or ``tsume'' problem for short.  In a tsume
+problem, all pieces that are not on the board are assumed to be in the
+opponent's hand (except for your King, which is usually not shown).
+Every move you make must be check until the final checkmate.  Your
+opponent may play any piece on the board or drop any of his pieces in
+hand in order to prevent the mate.  In a properly constructed tsume
+problem, all of your pieces on the board and in hand must be essential
+to the solution.  One consequence of this is that all of your pieces in
+hand must be played during the solution.  There should only be one
+correct solution for the given number of moves.  Tsume problems use
+Japanese-style move numbering; thus, a problem where you move (and give
+check), your opponent moves, and you move to give checkmate is called a
+three-mover.  Here is a really trivial three-mover:
+
+@ifnottex
+@verbatim
+   3    2    1
+----------------+
+ |    |    |    |  a
+----------------+
+ |    |    | wK |  b
+----------------+
+ |    |    |    |  c
+----------------+
+ | bN |    |    |  d
+----------------+
+ |    |    |    |  e
+----------------+
+ |    | bN |    |  f
+----------------+
+
+Black in hand: S, G
+@end verbatim
+@end ifnottex
+
+
+@tex
+\def\startline{\par\nobreak\noindent}
+
+{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\gdef\beginVerbatim{\bigbreak%
+\begingroup%
+\parskip=0pt%
+\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\let^^M=\startline%
+\tt}}
+\gdef\endVerbatim{\endgroup\bigbreak}
+\beginVerbatim
+
+   3    2    1            
+----------------+         
+ |    |    |    |  a         
+----------------+           
+ |    |    | wK |  b         
+----------------+           
+ |    |    |    |  c       
+----------------+         
+ | bN |    |    |  d       
+----------------+         
+ |    |    |    |  e       
+----------------+         
+ |    | bN |    |  f       
+----------------+
+     
+Black in hand: 2G
+
+\endVerbatim
+@end tex
+
+Here, Black plays G*2b, White plays K1c, and Black plays G*1d mate.
+More typical tsume problems range from 5 moves to arbitrarily high
+numbers of moves, and they can be quite brain-busting.  Tsume problems
+may seem artificial, but in the closing stages of the game where both
+players have a lot of pieces in hand, it is often necessary to give
+check at every move, or else your opponent will start a counterattack
+and will mate you before you mate him.  A tsume problem is a worst-case
+scenario for the attacker: you have to mate your opponent even though he
+has every piece not on the board in hand, which means you have to
+develop sharp attacking skills.  Many more tsume problems can be found
+on the internet; I particularly recommend Patrick Davin's ``Shogi
+Nexus'' (@pxref{References and links}).
+
+@page
+
+@c 
+@c Shogi variants.
+@c 
+
+@node    Shogi variants, Differences between shogi and chess, Mating problems, About shogi
+@section Shogi variants
+@cindex  Shogi variants
+@cindex  Variants
+@cindex  Tori Shogi
+@cindex  Wa Shogi
+@cindex  Chu Shogi
+@cindex  Dai Shogi
+@cindex  Tenjiku Shogi
+@cindex  Dai-dai Shogi
+@cindex  Maka-dai-dai Shogi
+@cindex  Tai Shogi
+@cindex  Kyoku Tai Shogi
+
+Several historical variants of shogi exist.  Most of these were invented
+before modern shogi (in some cases hundreds of years before), are much
+larger than modern shogi and are not played with drops.  Thus, in many
+ways they are really more like giant chess games than like modern shogi.
+The only one of these games to have survived in Japan is Chu (middle)
+shogi, which is still played a little bit.  Thanks to the efforts of
+George Hodges and John Fairbairn of the Shogi Association (two British
+shogi enthusiasts), these games were resurrected and rules and sets for
+them can still be purchased from George Hodges (@pxref{References and
+links}).  I hope to eventually extend GNU shogi so that it can play at
+least some of these games.  There are also several non-historical
+variants of shogi; I don't know much about them but you can find
+information about them on the internet (@pxref{References and links}).
+
+The historical variants include:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item
+Tori (bird) shogi, played on a 7x7 board with 32 pieces in all; this is
+the only variant that is known to have been played with drops.
+
+@item
+Wa shogi, played on an 11x11 board with 54 pieces.  This game can be
+played with or without drops but the historical evidence favors the view
+that it was played without drops.  However, most people who have tried
+it claim it is a much better game with drops, being even more intricate
+than standard shogi.
+
+@item
+Chu (middle) shogi, played on a 12x12 board with 92 pieces.  This was
+(and is) by far the most popular of the variants, and has 21 different
+kinds of pieces in the starting line-up alone (along with several others
+that appear upon promotion).  Unlike modern shogi, there are a
+tremendous number of ranging pieces and the game is definitely not
+played with drops.  There is also an amazing piece called the Lion which
+has a double king move and can capture two pieces at once!  Chu shogi
+has a small but fanatical following, some of whom consider it better
+than modern shogi.
+
+@item
+Dai (great) shogi, played on a 15x15 board with 130 pieces.  Other than
+the larger board, this game is very similar to Chu shogi.
+
+@item
+Tenjiku (exotic) shogi, played on a 16x16 board with 176 pieces.  This
+game is possibly the most complex tactical game in existence.  There are
+many astoundingly powerful pieces, including one (the Fire Demon) that
+can capture up to eight opposing pieces in a single move!  Despite the
+size of the game, checkmates can occur very suddenly (and often very
+early on) if one player makes a wrong move.  Tenjiku also has a small
+but fanatical following, one of whom (Colin Adams) has written a book on
+the game which is available for download at
+@uref{http://www.colina.demon.co.uk/tenjiku.html}.
+
+@item
+Dai-dai (great-great) shogi, played on a 17x17 board with 192 pieces.
+The opening setup alone has 64 different kinds of pieces!  This game and
+the larger ones that follow sound pretty outlandish, but they have
+actually been played; a game of Dai-dai can supposedly be played in
+about 12 hours.
+
+@item
+Maka-dai-dai (great-great-great) shogi, played on a 19x19 board with 192
+pieces.  For those for whom Dai-dai shogi is just too small :-)
+
+@item
+Tai (grand) shogi, played on a 25x25 board with 354 pieces!  Until
+recently, this was thought to be the biggest chess game ever devised,
+but now there is...
+
+@item
+Kyoku tai (extremely grand?) shogi, played on a 36x36 board with 402
+pieces.  The rules for this have just been unearthed in an old Japanese
+book.  Hopefully someone will soon organize a postal Kyoku tai shogi
+championship; maybe their distant ancestors could finish it :-)
+
+It is thought that the really huge games (Dai-dai and up) were never
+really played to any significant extent (gee, wonder why?) and were
+devised merely so that the creators could have the fun of inventing
+enormous games, amazing their friends and confounding their enemies.
+However, the games up to Tenjiku shogi at least appear to be quite
+playable, assuming one has the time.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+@c
+@c Differences between shogi and chess.
+@c
+
+@node    Differences between shogi and chess,  ,  Shogi variants, About shogi
+@section Differences between shogi and chess
+@cindex  Shogi vs. Chess
+
+Some differences between shogi and international chess have been
+mentioned elsewhere in this document; I summarize them here for people
+who are interested in game comparisons.  I won't try to deal with the
+thorny question of which game is ``better'' although my bias may have
+already come through :-) In fact, the drop rule makes the two games so
+different in character that arguing over which game is better is like
+comparing apples to oranges (you'd be better off comparing chess to Chu
+shogi (@pxref{Shogi variants}).  However, I believe that if you are a
+chess fan you'll really like shogi as well, and shogi is also popular
+with many people who don't particularly like chess.
+
+Here are the significant differences between chess and shogi:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item
+In shogi, captured pieces become the property of the capturer and can
+re-enter play by being dropped onto almost any vacant square.  In chess,
+captured pieces are out of the game.  Thus, in shogi, piece exchanges
+complicate the play significantly while in chess they simplify it.
+
+@item
+The shogi board is 9x9; the chess board is 8x8.
+
+@item
+Shogi has five pieces with no counterpart in chess: the gold and silver
+generals, the lance, the promoted rook and the promoted bishop.  Chess
+has one piece with no counterpart in shogi: the queen.  The knight's
+move in shogi is much more restrictive than in chess.  Pieces in shogi
+generally have a much smaller range of movement than in chess (unless
+they are in hand).
+
+@item
+In shogi, all pieces except the gold general and the king can promote,
+but only to one kind of piece.  Promotion is easier in shogi because the
+promotion zone is closer to the starting position of the pieces
+(especially pawns).  In chess, only the pawn can promote, but it can
+promote to any other piece except the king.
+
+@item
+In shogi, pawns capture the same way they move.  There is no initial
+two-space pawn move and hence no @emph{en-passant} captures.  In chess,
+pawns capture diagonally which means that opposing pawns can block each
+other.
+
+@item
+In shogi, you only have one rook and one bishop.  Note that the bishop
+is not restricted to only one ``color'' square (squares in shogi aren't
+colored, but never mind) because promoted bishops can also move one
+square orthogonally.
+
+@item
+There is no special castling move in shogi.  The term ``castle'' is
+used in shogi to denote a defensive formation consisting of (usually)
+three generals which protect the king.  There are many such castles
+(about 40 or so have names).  @xref{Sample game}.
+
+@item
+Draws are much rarer in shogi than in chess.  Perpetual check is not
+allowed.  Stalemate is a virtual impossibility, and is a loss for the
+stalematee. 
+
+@item
+Since pieces are never out of play in shogi, chess-type endgames
+involving only a few pieces do not occur.
+
+@item
+Shogi games are generally longer than chess games (about 60-70 moves is
+typical).
+
+@item
+Shogi has a well-developed handicap system which is in general use;
+chess does not.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+The effects of all these differences on play include (in my opinion):
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item
+Piece/pawn structures in chess are more rigid than in shogi.  Pawns
+block each other and pawns, once advanced, cannot ever retreat.  In
+shogi, you can repair the hole caused by a pawn advance by exchanging
+the pawn and dropping it back where you want it.  Thus shogi is more
+fluid than chess and less ``structural''.
+
+@item
+Counterattack is MUCH more common in shogi than in chess.  Games
+typically end in mutual mating attacks, where each player is trying to
+checkmate the other player before being checkmated himself.  This makes
+tempo incredibly important and also makes sacrificial play quite common.
+
+@item
+Attacks involving only ranging pieces are more a feature of chess than
+of shogi.  A shogi attack typically uses a ranging piece or pieces to
+support an attack by short-range pieces (especially generals).  It is
+very rare to mate a king with a non-adjacent ranging piece in shogi
+since the player whose king is threatened can almost always interpose by
+dropping a piece.
+
+@end enumerate
+
+
+@c --------------------
+@c gnushogi.
+@c --------------------
+
+@node    gnushogi, xshogi, About shogi, Top
+@chapter gnushogi
+@cindex  gnushogi
+
+This section describes how to run the ``gnushogi'' program.
+
+SYNOPSIS
+     
+gnushogi [ [[-]a] [-b bookfile] [-B binbookfile] [-C] [-h langfile] 
+[-L langfile] [-r length] [-R] [-s pathname] [-l pathname] [-S binbooksize]
+[-t] [-c size] [-T size] [-v] [-x] [-X] arg1 arg2 ]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+
+GNU shogi (gnushogi) plays a game of japanese chess (shogi) against the
+user or it plays against itself.
+
+At startup gnushogi reads the binbook file if it is present.  It then
+looks for a book file.  If it is present it adds its contents to the
+binbook data.  If the binbook file is writable a new combined binbook
+file is written.
+
+Gnushogi is a modified version of the gnuchess program.  It has a simple
+alphanumeric board display, or it can be used with the xshogi program
+under X windows.  The program gets its opening moves from the file
+gnushogi.bbk which is located in a directory specified in the Makefile.
+To invoke the program type:
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item  gnushogi -C
+simple curses based version
+
+@item  gnushogi -X (or just gnushogi)
+xshogi compatible version
+
+@item gnushogi -R
+raw test display version
+@end table
+
+TIME CONTROLS
+
+If one argument is given, it is the search time per move in
+[minutes:]seconds.  So gnushogi 30 will generate one move every 30
+seconds, while gnushogi 5:00 will generate one move every 5 minutes.
+
+If two or more arguments are given, they will be used to set tournament
+time controls with the first argument of each pair being the number of
+moves and the second being the total clock time in minutes[:seconds].
+Thus, entering gnushogi 60 5 will set the clocks for 5 minutes (300
+seconds) for the first 60 moves, and gnushogi 30 3:30 will allow 3
+minutes and 30 seconds for 30 moves.
+
+gnushogi 30 5 1 :30 will allow 5 minutes for the first 30 moves and 30
+seconds for each move after that.  Up to 4 pairs of controls may be
+specified.
+
+If no argument is given the program will prompt the user for level of
+play.
+
+For use with xshogi see the documentation on that program.
+@xref{xshogi}.
+
+@page
+
+BOOK
+
+The book gnushogi.tbk consists of a sequence of openings.  An opening
+begins with a line starting with a # (the rest of the line is a comment).
+Following this is a series of moves in algebraic notation alternating
+between black and white separated by whitespace.  A move may have a ?
+after it indicating this move should never be made in this position.  Moves
+are stored as position:move so transpositions between openings can take
+place.
+
+HASHFILE
+
+The hashfile if created should be on the order of 4 megabytes; you can
+create such a hashfile by typing ``gnushogi -c 22'' (see below).  This
+file contains positions and moves learned from previous games.  If a
+hashfile is used the computer makes use of the experience it gained in
+past games.  Tests run so far show that it plays no worse with the
+hashfile than without, but it is not clear yet whether it provides a
+real advantage.
+
+LEGAL MOVES
+
+Note: Piece letters are determined by the language file.  What is
+specified here is the default (English).
+
+Once gnushogi is invoked, the program will display the board and prompt
+the user for a move.  To enter a move, use the notation 7g7f where the
+first letter-number pair indicates the origin square and the second
+letter-number pair indicates the destination square.  An alternative is
+to use the notation P7f where the first letter indicates the piece type
+(P,L,N,S,G,B,R,K).  To promote append a + the type of the new piece to
+the move, as in 2d2c+ or P2c+. Note that you must use capital letters
+for the pieces by default.
+
+COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item -a
+Do not search on opponent's time.
+
+@item a
+Do search on opponent's time.
+
+@item -b @var{bookfile}
+Use bookfile for opening book.
+
+@item -B @var{binbookfile}
+Use binbookfile for binary opening book.
+
+@item -c @var{size}          
+Create a new HASHFILE.  File size is 2^size entries of approximately 65+?
+bytes.
+
+@item -C
+Use curses-based display mode.
+
+@item -h   
+Do not use hashfile.
+
+@item h    
+Do use hashfile.
+
+@item -l @var{pathname}
+Pathname of the loadfile used with get or xget.
+
+@item -L @var{lang}
+Use language lang from the file gnushogi.lang.  If -L is not specified
+it uses the first language in the file.
+
+@item  -P @var{plylevels}
+Number of plys to include in the binbookfile.  For generating a
+binbookfile.
+
+@item  -r @var{length}
+Rehash @emph{length} times in searching entries for position in
+transposition table.
+
+@item  -R  
+Use raw text display mode.  This can be used for dumb terminals or for
+systems that don't have curses.
+
+@item  -s @var{pathname}
+Pathname of the save file to use with the save command.
+
+@item  -S @var{size}
+Size of binbookfile for memory based books.  For creating a binbookfile.
+
+@item  -t   
+Show statistics for HASHFILE.
+
+@item  -T @var{size}
+Set the transposition table size to 2^size entries.
+
+@item  -v   
+Show version and patchlevel.
+
+@item  -x @var{value}
+Use value as the evaluation window xwndw.
+
+@item  -X   
+Use xshogi display mode (the default).
+
+@end table
+
+
+COMMANDS
+
+In addition to legal moves, the following commands can be entered at the
+gnushogi prompt.  Note: command names are determined by the language
+file and may vary with the implementation.  The default language is
+English.
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item alg
+allow algebraic input (not implemented).
+
+@item Awindow 
+change Alpha window (default score + 90).
+
+@item Bwindow 
+change Beta window (default score - 90).
+
+@item beep 
+toggles beeping after each move (default: on).
+
+@item bd 
+updates the current board position on the display.
+
+@item book 
+turns off use of the opening library.
+
+@item both 
+causes the computer to play both sides of a shogi game.
+
+@item black 
+causes the computer to play as White, if the computer was to move
+first.
+
+@item bsave 
+saves a game to disk as a book textfile.  The program will prompt the
+user for a file name.
+
+@item gamein 
+toggles game mode time control.  Assumes the time specified for time
+control is the time for a complete game.  Input with the level command
+should be the game time and the expected number of moves in a game.  go
+command must be given.
+
+@item coords 
+show coordinates on the display (visual only).
+
+@item contempt 
+allows the value of @emph{contempt} to be modified.
+
+@item debug 
+asks for a piece as color piece, as wb or bn, and shows its calculated
+value on each square.
+
+@item debuglevel 
+sets level of debugging output if compiled with debug options.
+
+@item depth 
+allows the user to change the search depth of the program.  The maximum
+depth is 29 ply.  Normally the depth is set to 29 and the computer
+terminates its search based on elapsed time rather than depth.  If depth
+is set to (say) 4 ply, the program will search until all moves have been
+examined to a depth of 4 ply (with extensions up to 11 additional ply
+for sequences of checks and captures).  If you set a maximum time per
+move and also use the depth command, the search will stop at the
+specified time or the specified depth, whichever comes first.
+
+@item easy 
+toggles easy mode (thinking on opponents time) on and off. The default
+is easy mode ON.  If easy mode is disabled, the keyboard is polled for
+input every so often and when input is seen the search is terminated. It
+may also be terminated with a sigint.
+
+@item edit 
+allows the user to set up a board position.
+@itemize @minus
+
+@item #    
+clear the board.
+
+@item c
+toggle piece color.
+
+@item .
+command will exit setup mode.
+
+@item p3b
+place a pawn on 3b
+
+@item p3b+
+place a promoted pawn on 3b
+
+@item p*
+place a pawn in hand (among the captured pieces)
+
+@end itemize
+
+Pieces are entered by typing a letter (p,l,n,s,g,b,r,k)  for
+the piece followed by the coordinate.  Here, letter case is ignored.
+
+The usual warning about the language file applies.
+
+@item exit 
+exits gnushogi.
+
+@item first 
+tells the computer to move first.  Computer begins searching for a move.
+(same as ``go'').
+
+@item force 
+allows the user to enter moves for both sides.  To get the program to
+play after a sequence of moves has been entered use the ``black'' or
+``white'' commands.
+
+@item get 
+retrieves a game from disk.  The program will prompt the user for a file
+name.
+
+@item go 
+tells the computer to move first.  Computer begins searching for a move.
+(same as ``first'').
+
+@item hash 
+use/don't use hashfile.
+
+@item hashdepth 
+allows the user to change the minimum depth for using the hashfile and
+the number of moves from the beginning of the game to use it.
+
+@item help 
+displays a short description of the commands and the current status of
+options.
+
+@item hint 
+causes the program to supply the user with its predicted move.
+
+@item level 
+allows the user to set time controls such as 60 moves in 5 minutes etc.
+In tournament mode, the program will vary the time it takes for each
+move depending on the situation.  If easy mode is disabled (using the
+``easy'' command), the program will often respond with its move
+immediately, saving time on its clock for use later on.
+
+@item list 
+writes the game moves and some statistics on search depth, nodes, and
+time to the file ``shogi.lst''.
+
+@item material 
+toggle material flag - draws on no pawns and both sides < rook.
+
+@item new 
+starts a new game.
+
+@item p 
+evaluates the board and shows the point score for each piece.  The total
+score for a position is the sum of these individual piece scores.
+
+@item post 
+causes the program to display the principal variation and the score
+during the search.  A score of 100 is equivalent to a 1 pawn advantage
+for the computer.
+
+@item quit 
+exits the game.
+
+@item random 
+causes the program to randomize its move selection slightly.
+
+@item rcptr 
+set recapture mode.
+
+@item remove 
+backout the last level for both sides.  Equal to 2 undo's.
+
+@item reverse 
+causes the board display to be reversed.  That is, the Black's pieces will
+now appear at the top of the board.
+
+@item rv 
+reverse board display.
+
+@item save 
+saves a game to disk.  The program will prompt the user for a file name.
+
+@item switch 
+causes the program to switch places with the opponent and begin
+searching.
+
+@item test 
+performs some speed tests for MoveList and CaptureList generation, and
+ScorePosition position scoring for the current board.
+
+@item time 
+set computer's time remaining, intended for synchronizing clocks among
+multiple players.
+
+@item tsume 
+toggle tsume mode. In tsume mode, not all possible moves will be
+generated. If a king is in check, only moves that get the king out of
+check are generated.  If the king is not in check, only moves that give
+check to the opponent's king are generated.
+
+@item undo 
+undoes the last move whether it was the computer's or the human's.  You
+may also type ``remove''.  This is equivalent to two ``undo'''s
+(e.g. retract one move for each side).
+
+@item white 
+causes the computer to play as Black; if the computer is to move
+first the go command must be given.
+
+@item xget 
+read an xshogi position file.
+
+@item xsave 
+save as an xshogi position file.
+
+@item xwndw 
+change X window. The window around alpha/beta used to determine whether
+the position should be scored or just estimated.  Note: this has
+@emph{nothing} to do with xshogi or X windows; the terms are completely
+separate.
+
+@end table
+
+
+@c --------------------
+@c xshogi.
+@c --------------------
+
+@node    xshogi, References and links, gnushogi, Top
+@chapter xshogi
+@cindex  xshogi
+
+This section describes how to run the ``xshogi'' program.
+
+SYNOPSIS
+
+xshogi [ options ]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+
+xshogi provides an X11/Xt/Athena Widgets user interface for gnushogi.
+With xshogi you can play gnushogi, set up arbitrary positions, force
+variations, or watch xshogi manage a game between two shogi programs.
+Furthermore, it can be used as an interface between two players on
+different displays.
+
+xshogi can also be used as a shogi board to play out games.  It will
+read through a game file or allow a player to play through a variation
+manually (force mode).  This is useful for keeping track of email postal
+games or browsing games off the net.
+
+After starting xshogi, you can make moves by pressing mouse button 1
+while the cursor is over a square with your piece on it and dragging the
+mouse to another square.  If the move is illegal, gnushogi will not
+allow it.  xshogi will then retract the move.
+
+COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS
+
+The following command line options also correspond to X resources that
+you can set in your .Xdefaults file.
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item [standard Xt options]
+xshogi accepts standard Xt options like -display, -geometry, and
+-iconic.
+
+@item -tc or -timeControl minutes[:seconds]
+Amount of time for a set of moves determined by movesPerSession.  If
+this number of moves is played within the time control period, xshogi
+resets the time clocks.  Default: 5 minutes.
+
+@item -mps or -movesPerSession moves
+Number of moves in a time control period.  Default: 40 moves.
+
+@item -st or -searchTime minutes[:seconds]
+Tell gnushogi to spend at most the given amount of time searching for
+each of its moves.  Without this option, gnushogi chooses its search
+time based on the number of moves and amount of time remaining until the
+next time control.  Setting this option also sets -clockMode to False.
+
+@item -sd or -searchDepth number
+Tell gnushogi to look ahead at most the given number of moves when
+searching for a move to make.  Without this option, gnushogi chooses
+its search depth based on the number of moves and amount of time
+remaining until the next time control.  Setting this option also sets
+-clockMode to False.
+
+@item -clock or -clockMode (True | False)
+Determines whether or not to use the clock.  If clockMode is False, the
+clock does not run, but the side that is to play next is still
+highlighted.
+
+@item -td or -timeDelay seconds
+Time delay between moves during ``Load Game''.  This doesn't have to be
+a round number.  Try -td 0.4.  Default: 1 second.
+
+@item -nsp or -noShogiProgram (True | False)
+If this option is True, xshogi acts as a passive shogi board; it does
+not try to start a shogi program, not even to check whether moves made
+in Force mode are legal.  It also sets -clockMode to False.  Default:
+False.
+
+@item -fsp or -firstShogiProgram program
+Name of first shogi program.  In matches between two machines, this
+program plays white.  Default: ``gnushogi''.
+
+@item -ssp or -secondShogiProgram program
+Name of second shogi program, if needed.  In matches between two
+machines, this program plays black; otherwise it is not started.
+Default: ``gnushogi''.
+
+@item -fh or -firstHost host
+Name of host the first shogi program plays on.  Default: ``localhost''.
+
+@item -sh or -secondHost host
+Name of host the second shogi program plays on.  Default: ``localhost''.
+
+@item -rsh or -remoteShell shell_name
+Some systems do not use rsh as the remote shell.  This option allows a
+user to name the remote shell command.  This should be done in the
+resource file.
+
+@item -mm or -matchMode (False | Init | Position | Opening)
+Automatically run a game between firstShogiProgram and
+secondShogiProgram.  If matchMode is set to Init, xshogi will start the
+game with the initial shogi position.  If matchMode is set to Position,
+xshogi will start the game with the position specified by the
+loadPositionFile resource.  If matchMode is set to Opening, xshogi will
+play out the opening moves specified by the -loadGameFile resource.  If
+the -saveGameFile resource is set, a move record for the match will be
+saved in the specified file.  Default: ``False''.
+
+@item -lgf or -loadGameFile file
+Name of file to read a game record from.  Game files are found in the
+directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable
+is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name starts
+with a /.
+
+@item -lpf or -loadPositionFile file
+Name of file to read a game position from.  Position files are found in
+the directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this
+variable is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name
+starts with a /.
+
+@item -sgf or -saveGameFile file
+Name of file to save a game record to.  Game files are saved in the
+directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable
+is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name starts
+with a /.
+
+@item -spf or -savePositionFile file
+Name of file to save a game position to.  Position files are saved in
+the directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this
+variable is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name
+starts with a /.
+
+@item -coords or -showCoords (True | False)
+If this option is True, xshogi displays algebraic coordinates along the
+board's left and bottom edges.  The default is False.  The coordFont
+resource specifies what font to use.
+
+@item -mono or -monoMode (True | False)
+Determines whether xshogi displays its pieces and squares with two
+colors or four.  You shouldn't have to specify monochrome.  xshogi will
+determine if this is necessary.
+
+@item -pc or -pieceColor color
+Color specification for pieces suitable for XParseColor().
+Default: #FFFFD7.  
+
+@item -sc or -squareColor color
+Same for squares.  Default: #EBDFB0.
+
+@item -wps or -westernPieceSet (True | False)
+Choose the Western style piece set.
+
+@item -npb or -normalPawnBitmap file
+@item -nnb or -normalKnightBitmap file
+@item -nbb or -normalBishopBitmap file
+@item -nrb or -normalRookBitmap file
+@item -nkb or -normalKingBitmap file
+Names of the bitmap files for the bitmap piece icons.
+
+@item -rpb or -reversePawnBitmap file
+@item -rnb or -reverseKnightBitmap file
+@item -rbb or -reverseBishopBitmap file
+@item -rrb or -reverseRookBitmap file
+@item -rkb or -reverseKingBitmap file
+Names of the bitmap files for the outline piece icons.
+
+@item -debug or -debugMode (True | False)
+Turns on debugging printout.
+
+@end table
+
+@page
+
+OTHER X RESOURCES
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item initString
+The actual string that is sent to initialize the shogi program can be
+set from .Xdefaults.  It can't be set from the command line because of
+syntax problems.  The default value is ``new\nbeep\nrandom\neasy\n''.
+The ``new'' and ``beep'' commands are required. You can remove the
+``random'' command if you like; including it causes gnushogi to
+randomize its move selection slightly so that it doesn't play the same
+moves in every game.  Even without ``random'', gnushogi randomizes its
+choice of moves from its opening book.  You can also remove ``easy'' if
+you like; including it toggles easy mode off, causing gnushogi to think
+on your time.  That is, if ``easy'' is included in the initString, GNU
+Shogi thinks on your time; if not, it does not.  (Yes, this does seem
+backwards, doesn't it.)  You can also try adding other commands to the
+initString; see the gnushogi documentation (@pxref{gnushogi}) for
+details.
+
+@item blackString and whiteString
+These resources control what is sent when the Machine Black and Machine
+White buttons are selected.  This is mostly for compatibility with
+obsolete versions of gnushogi.
+
+Alternate bitmaps for piece icons can be specified either by choosing
+one of the built-in sets or with the file name resources described
+above.  There are three built-in sets of piece bitmaps available, large
+(the default), medium, or small.  It is easiest to select the set you
+prefer in the .Xdefaults file:
+
+     XShogi*boardSize:   Medium
+
+The font used for button labels and comments can be changed in the
+.Xdefaults file.  You may want to choose a smaller font if you are using
+the small pieces:
+
+     XShogi*font:    helvetica_oblique12
+
+The font used for coordinates (when the showCoords option is True) can
+be set similarly:
+
+     XShogi*coordFont:    helvetica_10
+
+If you are using a grayscale monitor, try setting the colors to:
+
+     XShogi*pieceColor:     gray100 @*
+     XShogi*squareColor:    gray60  @*
+
+@end table
+
+COMMAND BUTTONS AND KEYS
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item Quit    
+Quits xshogi.  Q or q is a keyboard equivalent.
+
+@item Reset   
+Resets xshogi to the beginning of a shogi game.  It also deselects any
+game or position files.
+
+@item Flip View
+inverts the view of the shogi board.
+
+@item Hint    
+displays a move hint from gnushogi.
+
+@item Load Game
+plays a game from a record file.  If no file is specified a popup dialog
+asks for a filename.  Game files are found in the directory named by the
+SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable is not declared then
+the current directory is used unless the file name starts with a /.  G
+or g is a keyboard equivalent.  The game file parser will accept almost
+any file that contains moves in algebraic notation.  If the first line
+begins with `#', it is assumed to be a title and is displayed.  Text
+enclosed in parentheses or square brackets is assumed to be commentary
+and is displayed in a pop-up window.  Any other text in the file is
+ignored.
+
+@item Load Position
+sets up a position from a position file.  If no file is specified a
+popup dialog asks for a filename.  Position files are found in the
+directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable
+is not declared then the current directory is used unless the file name
+starts with a /.  Position files must be in the format that the Save
+Position command writes.
+
+@item Save Game
+saves a game to a record file.  If no file is specified a popup dialog
+asks for a filename.  If the filename exists, the user is asked whether
+the current game record is be appended to this file or if the file
+should be replaced.  Game files are saved in the directory named by the
+SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable is not declared then
+the current directory is used unless the file name starts with a /.
+Game files are human-readable, and can also be read back by the Load
+Game command. Furthermore, they are accepted as gnushogi text bookfiles.
+
+@item Save Position
+saves a position to a position file.  If no file is specified a popup
+dialog asks for a filename.  Position files are saved in the directory
+named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable is not
+declared then the current directory is used unless the file name starts
+with a /.  Position files are human-readable, and can also be read back
+by the Load Position command.
+
+@item Machine White
+forces gnushogi to play white.
+
+@item Machine Black
+forces gnushogi to play black.
+
+@item Force Moves
+forces a series of moves.  That is, gnushogi stops playing and xshogi
+allows you to make moves for both white and black.
+
+@item Two Machines
+plays a game between two computer programs.
+
+@item Forward 
+moves forward through a series of remembered moves.  F or f is a
+keyboard equivalent.
+
+@item Backward
+moves backward through a series of remembered moves.  As a side effect,
+puts xshogi into Force Moves mode.  B or b is a keyboard equivalent.
+
+@item Pause   
+pauses the clocks or (in Load Game mode) pauses the game being loaded.
+Press Pause again to continue.  P or p is a keyboard equivalent.
+
+@item Edit Position
+lets you set up an arbitrary board position.  Use mouse button 1 to drag
+pieces to new squares, or to delete a piece by dragging it off the board
+or dragging an empty square on top of it.  To drop a new piece on a
+square, press mouse button 2 or 3 over the square.  This brings up a
+menu of black pieces (button 2) or white pieces (button 3).  Additional
+menu choices let you empty the square or clear the board.  You can set
+the side to play next by clicking on the Black or White indicator at the
+top of the screen.
+
+@item Challenge
+allows you to make a two display game between two human players.  Enter
+the display you want to connect to.  If you are allowed to connect, a
+new board is displayed at the remote display.  Challenge mode can only
+be stopped by pressing ``quit''.
+
+@item Select Level
+allows you to reset the clocks for both players.  Enter the number of
+moves and the number of minutes in which the moves should be done.
+
+@item Move NOW
+force computer to stop thinking and to make the current best move.
+
+@item Iconify I, i, C or c 
+iconifies xshogi.
+
+@end table
+
+LIMITATIONS
+
+If you press the  Pause  button  during  GNU  Shogi's  turn,
+xshogi will stop the clocks, but gnushogi will still make a
+move.
+
+After a mate or draw when playing against gnushogi, if  you
+back  up  with  the  Backward  button,  the clocks are reset
+(because gnushogi has exited and must be restarted).
+
+The game parser recognizes only algebraic notation.
+
+AUTHORS
+
+Original authors of XBoard:  Chris Sears and Dan Sears.
+
+Enhancements for XBoard (Version 2.0):  Tim Mann.
+
+Conversion to XShogi (Version 1.1):  Matthias Mutz.
+
+Current maintainer: Mike Vanier.
+
+COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
+
+XShogi borrows its piece bitmaps from CRANES Shogi.
+
+Copyright 1991 by Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts.
+Enhancements Copyright 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  Enhancements
+Copyright 1993 Matthias Mutz.  Further enhancements copyright 1999 by
+Michael Vanier and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+The following terms apply to Digital Equipment Corporation's copyright
+interest in XBoard:
+
+All Rights Reserved
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
+provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
+both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
+supporting documentation, and that the name of Digital not be used in
+advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software
+without specific, written prior permission.
+
+DIGITAL DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING
+ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL
+DIGITAL BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR
+ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
+ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE.
+
+The following terms apply to the enhanced version of XShogi distributed
+by the Free Software Foundation:
+
+This file is part of XSHOGI.
+
+XSHOGI is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ANY WARRANTY.  No author or distributor accepts responsibility to anyone
+for the consequences of using it or for whether it serves any particular
+purpose or works at all, unless he says so in writing.  Refer to the
+XSHOGI General Public License for full details.
+
+Everyone is granted permission to copy, modify and redistribute XSHOGI,
+but only under the conditions described in the XSHOGI General Public
+License. A copy of this license is supposed to have been given to you
+along with XSHOGI so you can know your rights and responsibilities.  It
+should be in a file named COPYING.  Among other things, the copyright
+notice and this notice must be preserved on all copies.
+
+
+@c ---------------------
+@c References and links.
+@c ---------------------
+
+@node    References and links, Acknowledgements, xshogi, Top
+@chapter References and links
+@cindex  References
+@cindex  Books
+@cindex  Mailing lists
+@cindex  Web sites
+
+
+There are very few English-language books for people learning shogi.
+The two I recommend are:
+
+@enumerate
+
+@item
+@cite{Shogi for Beginners, 2nd. Edition}, by John Fairbairn.  This is a
+superb beginner's book in every way, covering all phases of the game.
+It was out of print for a long time, but has now been reprinted and is
+available either from Kiseido (@uref{http://www.labnet.or.jp/~kiseido})
+or from George Hodges (see below).
+
+@item
+@cite{The Art of Shogi}, by Tony Hoskings.  This is one step up from the
+Fairbairn book.  It covers a lot of ground, and is especially noteworthy
+for its detailed treatment of opening lines.  You can order this book
+from Amazon.com's UK branch (@uref{http://www.amazon.co.uk}).
+
+@end enumerate
+
+Another book you may find is @cite{Shogi: Japan's Game of Strategy} by
+Trevor Leggett.  This book is very elementary and is somewhat outdated,
+having been published first in 1966.  However, it does feature a paper
+shogi board and punch-out pieces, so if you want a really cheap shogi
+set you might pick this book up.  It is still in print.
+
+Two books that are no longer in print but are definitely worth getting
+if you find them are @cite{Guide to Shogi Openings} and @cite{Better
+Moves for Better Shogi}, both by Aono Teriuchi.  They are published in a
+bilingual edition (English/Japanese) and are the only books on shogi in
+English written by a Japanese professional shogi player.  John Fairbairn
+did the translation from Japanese to English.
+
+Shogi sets are available from:
+
+@quotation
+George F. Hodges @*
+P.O. Box 77 @*
+Bromley, Kent @*
+United Kingdom BR1 2WT
+@end quotation
+
+George also sells equipment for all the historical shogi variants
+(@pxref{Shogi variants}) (except for Kyoku tai shogi) and also sells
+back issues of the magazine ``Shogi'' which he published for 70 issues
+in the late 70's to late 80's.  This magazine is STRONGLY recommended;
+it contains more information about shogi in English than you will ever
+find anywhere else.
+
+Here are some useful URLs:
+
+@table @asis
+
+@item Pieter Stouten's shogi page: @uref{http://www.shogi.net}
+This is the main shogi-related site on the internet, with links to
+almost all the other sites.
+
+@item Roger Hare's shogi page: @uref{http://www.ed.ac.uk/~rjhare/shogi}
+This has lots of information, including full rules to most of the shogi
+variants.
+
+@item Patrick Davin's Shogi Nexus: @uref{http://www.vega.or.jp/~patrick/shogi/}
+There's lots of cool stuff on this site; my favorite is the extensive
+collection of Tsume-shogi (mating) problems, both for beginners and
+more advanced players.
+
+@item Steve Evans' shogi page: @uref{http://www.netspace.net.au/~trout/index.html} 
+Steve has written a program that plays almost all of the shogi variants,
+unfortunately it only runs on Windows :-(
+
+@item Hans Bodlaender's chess variant pages: @uref{http://www.cs.ruu.nl/~hansb/d.chessvar}
+This page has an almost unimaginable variety of rules for different
+chess variants, including many shogi variants (historical and non-historical).
+
+@end table
+
+@c -----------------
+@c Acknowledgements.
+@c -----------------
+
+@node    Acknowledgements, Bugs, References and links, Top
+@chapter Acknowledgements
+@cindex  Acknowledgements
+
+I would like to thank the following people:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+Matthias Mutz, who originally developed GNU shogi as a spin-off of GNU
+chess and who very kindly let me take over the maintenance of this very
+interesting project.
+
+@item
+Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation, for creating an
+organization where anyone can contribute software for the common good of
+all, for making GNU/Linux possible, and especially for writing emacs and
+gcc, without which my working life would be intolerable.
+
+@item
+Georges Hodges, for starting the Shogi Association in England, without
+which I would probably never have heard of shogi, for supplying shogi
+equipment, for publishing the excellent magazine ``Shogi'' (now sadly
+defunct), for personally answering all my silly questions by mail, and
+for being the ambassador of shogi to the West.
+
+@item
+Pieter Stouten, for having the most comprehensive shogi site on the
+World Wide Web (@uref{http://www.shogi.net}), and for
+maintaining the shogi-l mailing list.  Go to Pieter's web site for more
+information on subscribing to the list.  Also thanks to everyone who
+contributes and has contributed to that list.
+
+@item
+Matt Casters, for testing GNU shogi.  Matt and I will be working
+together on improving the solution engine in future versions of this
+program.
+
+@end itemize
+
+@c -----
+@c Bugs.
+@c -----
+
+@node    Bugs, Index, Acknowledgements, Top
+@chapter Bugs
+
+The motto of GNU shogi is ``100% bug-free or you don't pay!'' :-) In
+the extremely unlikely case (*ahem*) that you do find a bug, please
+report it to the bug tracker at
+@uref{https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/gnushogi/}.  Also, feel free
+to post comments, complaints, out-and-out raves, suggestions and such
+to one of the mailing lists at
+@uref{https://savannah.gnu.org/mail/?group=gnushogi}.
+
+
+@c ============
+@c End of body.
+@c ============
+
+
+
+@c ====
+@c End.
+@c ====
+
+@node    Index,  , Bugs, Top
+@chapter Index
+
+@printindex cp
+
+@contents
+
+@bye
+
+
diff --git a/doc/gnushogi.texinfo b/doc/gnushogi.texinfo
deleted file mode 100644
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--- a/doc/gnushogi.texinfo
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2177 +0,0 @@
-\input texinfo   @c -*-texinfo-*-
-
-@c % **  Start of header.
-@setfilename gnushogi.info
-@settitle GNU Shogi manual
-@c % **  End of header.
-
-@dircategory Games
-@direntry
-* gnushogi: (gnushogi).		 Japanese chess
-@end direntry
-
-@setchapternewpage odd
-
-@c ==================================
-@c TeX-specific macros
-@c ==================================
-
-@c None yet!
-
-@c ==================================
-@c info-specific macros
-@c ==================================
-
-@c None yet!
-
-@c ==================================
-@c Summary description and copyright.
-@c ==================================
-
-@ifinfo
-
-This file describes how to use GNU shogi, 
-a program which plays Shogi (Japanese chess).
-
-Copyright (C) 2013 Yann Dirson and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-Copyright (C) 1999 Michael C. Vanier and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
-this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
-are preserved on all copies.
-
-@ignore
-Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
-results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
-notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
-(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
-@end ignore
-
-Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
-manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
-resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
-notice identical to this one.
-
-Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
-into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
-except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
-by the Free Software Foundation.
-
-@end ifinfo
-
-@c =========================================
-@c End of summary description and copyright.
-@c =========================================
-
-
-@c ====================
-@c Title and copyright.
-@c ====================
-
-@titlepage
-@sp 10
-@comment The title is printed in a large font.
-@center @titlefont{GNU Shogi (Japanese chess)}
-@author   Mike Vanier
-
-@c  The following two commands start the copyright page.
-@page
-@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
-Copyright @copyright{} 2013 Yann Dirson and the Free Software Foundation
-Copyright @copyright{} 1999 Michael C. Vanier and the Free Software Foundation
-
-@end titlepage
-
-@c ===========================
-@c End of title and copyright.
-@c ===========================
-
-
-@c =========================
-@c Top node and master menu.
-@c =========================
-
-@node    Top, (dir), (dir), (dir)
-@top     GNU Shogi (Japanese chess)
-
-@ifnottex
-@menu
-* Introduction::         What is GNU shogi?
-* About shogi::          General information, rules, etc.
-* gnushogi::             How to play GNU shogi (gnushogi).
-* xshogi::               The X interface to GNU shogi.
-* References and links:: Where to go for more information.
-* Acknowledgements::
-* Bugs::                 Where and how to report bugs.
-* Index::        
-@end menu
-@end ifnottex
-
-@iftex
-This document describes GNU shogi, a program which plays Japanese chess
-(shogi) against a human opponent.
-@end iftex
-
-@c ================================
-@c End of top node and master menu.
-@c ================================
-
-
-@c =====
-@c Body.
-@c =====
-
-@node Introduction, About shogi, Top, Top
-@chapter Introduction
-@cindex Introduction
-
-GNU shogi is a program that plays shogi, the Japanese version of chess,
-against a human (or computer) opponent.  This file describes how to use
-GNU shogi and also gives background information about the game of shogi.
-
-This file describes GNU Shogi version 1.3.2.  It was written by Mike
-Vanier @email{mvanier@@cs.caltech.edu}, maintainer of GNU shogi at
-that time.
-
-GNU Shogi is currently maintained by Yann Dirson
-@email{ydirson@@free.fr}.
-
-
-GNU Shogi is actually one program, 'gnushogi', the text-based program
-which also contains the game-playing engine.
-
-The GNU Shogi distribution also contains the 'xshogi' program, an
-X-Window graphical interface to gnushogi.  XShogi was forked off GNU
-XBoard years ago, is far from today's UI standards, and has barely
-been maintained recently, while XBoard has grown much and is able to
-play Shogi.  In future versions, GNU Shogi will be able to use XBoard
-as a GUI and XShogi will be retired.
-
-Since xshogi invokes gnushogi, most players will just type ``xshogi''
-and start playing.
-
-Disclaimer: I use the personal pronouns ``him'', ``his'' etc. to refer
-to a shogi player regardless of gender.  That's easier than writing
-``his or her'' all over the place.  I don't mean to infer that women
-don't play shogi; in fact shogi is very popular in Japan among women as
-well as men.
-
-
-@node    About shogi, gnushogi, Introduction, Top
-@chapter About the game of shogi
-     
-
-@quotation
-``Japanese chess cedes nothing in depth or beauty to the European
-game... it is at least as interesting.''
-
---- Alexander Alekhine @*
-(quoted in David Pritchard, @cite{The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants}) 
-
-``... shogi [is] by far the most complex form of chess that has ever
-achieved widespread popularity.''
-
---- R. Wayne Schmittberger, @cite{New Rules for Classic Games}
-@end quotation
-
-Shogi is the version of chess played in Japan.  It is strikingly
-different from standard chess (which I shall refer to henceforth as
-``international chess'') and also to all other regional variants,
-because captured pieces can re-enter play on the side of the capturer.
-This has several interesting effects on the play of the game:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-Shogi is much more complex than international chess, at least in
-terms of the average number of possible moves per turn (estimated at
-about 35 for chess and at about 80 for shogi).
-
-@item
-There are almost no draws (about 1-2% of all games in professional play).
-
-@item
-Exchanges complicate the play rather than simplifying it.
-
-@item
-There are no ``endgames'' in the standard chess sense; all pieces remain
-in play throughout the game.  Games typically end in a race to
-checkmate the other player before being checkmated oneself.
-
-@item
-Ownership of a piece is not indicated by the color of the piece;
-instead, pieces are wedge-shaped and point towards the opponent.  The
-name of the piece is inscribed in Kanji characters on the front of the
-piece.
-
-@item
-Most importantly: it's more fun than other forms of chess :-)
-
-@end enumerate
-
-Shogi is extremely popular in Japan; it has been estimated that 20
-million Japanese can play shogi, of which perhaps 1 million are active
-players.  It is even more popular there than the game of go, Japan's
-other favorite board game.  There are a number of professional players
-who make a considerable amount of money playing in shogi tournaments,
-and the game receives extensive newpaper and television coverage.
-Despite this, the game has yet to become popular outside of Japan.  Part
-of this is because the Kanji characters on the pieces scare away some
-people, but mostly it's due, I think, to lack of exposure to the game
-and to the difficulty of finding opponents.  I hope that GNU shogi will
-help introduce shogi to a wider audience.
-
-@ifnottex
-@menu
-* The rules of shogi::
-* Sample game::
-* Mating problems::
-* Shogi variants::
-* Differences between shogi and chess::
-@end menu
-@end ifnottex
-
-
-@c -------------------------------------------------------
-@c 
-@c The rules of shogi.
-@c
-@c -------------------------------------------------------
-
-@node    The rules of shogi, Sample game, About shogi, About shogi
-@section The rules of shogi
-@cindex  Rules
-
-Shogi is a two-person abstract strategy board game with full information
-(i.e. all pieces and moves are visible to both players at all times).
-It is in the chess family, being descended from the same ancestral game
-as international chess: the Indian game of Chaturanga.  The two players
-are referred to as ``Black'' and ``White'', with Black moving first
-(unlike in international chess, where White moves first), and with
-movement alternating between the two players.  Note that ``Black'' and
-``White'' are just names; the pieces are not colored.  Instead, they are
-flat, wedge-shaped pieces which point towards the opponent.  The
-identity of a given piece is indicated by two Japanese Kanji characters
-on each piece.  In fact, only the top character is needed to identify
-the piece and thus only the top character is used in shogi diagrams.  I
-will use alphabetical equivalents in the diagrams here; to see what the
-Kanji characters look like, start up xshogi (@pxref{xshogi}) and compare
-the starting setup there with the starting setup in this file
-(@pxref{The opening setup}).
-
-The object of the game is to capture the opponent's King.  The board is
-a grid of 9x9 uncolored squares, and pieces are placed on the squares.
-Each player begins with 20 pieces, described in the next section.
-Capture is by displacement, as in international chess.
-
-@ifnottex
-@menu
-* The moves of the pieces::
-* The opening setup::
-* Promotion of pieces::
-* Drops::
-* Winning the game::
-* Draws::
-* Handicaps::
-* Notes for chess players::
-@end menu
-@end ifnottex
-
-@c The moves of the pieces.
-
-@node       The moves of the pieces, The opening setup, The rules of shogi, The rules of shogi
-@subsection The moves of the pieces
-@cindex     Piece moves
-
-Each player at the beginning of a shogi game has a total of 20 pieces of
-eight different types.  The moves of the shogi pieces can be divided
-into three classes: ``stepping'' pieces, that only move one square at a
-time; ``ranging'' pieces that move any number of unobstructed squares in
-a line, and ``jumping'' pieces that can jump over obstructing pieces to
-reach their destination squares.  Most pieces can also promote to
-different (usually stronger) pieces under certain circumstances (see the
-next section).  All pieces capture the same way that they move (even
-pawns).  The piece moves and promotions are as follows; each piece name
-is followed by the standard piece abbreviation:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item
-The king (K).  The king can move one square in any horizontal, vertical,
-or diagonal direction, just like the king in international chess.  The
-king does not promote.
-
-@item
-The rook (R).  The rook can move any number of squares in a horizontal
-or vertical direction.  The rook is the same as the rook in
-international chess (except that it can promote).  A rook promotes to a
-``dragon king'' or ``dragon'' for short (often just referred to as a
-``promoted rook''), which can move as a rook or can move one square in
-any diagonal direction.
-
-@item
-The bishop (B).  The bishop can move any number of squares in a diagonal
-direction.  The bishop is the same as the bishop in international chess
-(except that it can promote).  A bishop promotes to a ``dragon horse''
-or ``horse'' for short (often just referred to as a ``promoted
-bishop''), which can move as a bishop or can move one square in any
-horizontal or vertical direction.  Note: the horse should not be
-confused with a knight (see below), as they are two completely different
-pieces.
-
-@item
-The gold general (G).  A gold general can move one square in any
-horizontal or vertical direction, or one square in a forward diagonal
-direction.  Gold generals do not promote.
-
-@item
-The silver general (S).  A silver general can move one square in any
-diagonal direction, or one square straight forward.  A silver general
-promotes to a gold general.
-
-@item
-The knight (N).  A knight can move one square straight forward followed
-by one square to either forward diagonal, jumping over intervening
-pieces if any.  In other words, a knight moves like its international
-chess counterpart, but forward only.  A knight promotes to a gold
-general.  The knight is the only jumping piece, as in chess.
-
-@item
-The lance (L).  A lance can move any number of squares straight forward.
-A lance promotes to a gold general.
-
-@item
-The pawn (P).  A pawn can move one square straight forward.  The pawn
-captures the same way that it moves, in contrast to international chess.
-There is also no initial two-space move for pawns and no
-@emph{en-passant} capture.  A pawn promotes to a gold general; a
-promoted pawn is usually known as a ``Tokin''.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-
-@c The opening setup.
-
-@node       The opening setup, Promotion of pieces, The moves of the pieces, The rules of shogi
-@subsection The opening setup
-@cindex     Opening setup
-
-The opening setup for shogi is as follows:
-
-@ifnottex
-@verbatim
-   9    8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1
-+--------------------------------------------+
-| wL | wN | wS | wG | wK | wG | wS | wN | wL |  a
-+--------------------------------------------+
-|    | wR |    |    |    |    |    | wB |    |  b
-+--------------------------------------------+
-| wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP |  c
-+--------------------------------------------+
-|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  d
-+--------------------------------------------+
-|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  e
-+--------------------------------------------+
-|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  f
-+--------------------------------------------+
-| bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP |  g
-+--------------------------------------------+
-|    | bB |    |    |    |    |    | bR |    |  h
-+--------------------------------------------+
-| bL | bN | bS | bG | bK | bG | bS | bN | bL |  i
-+--------------------------------------------+
-@end verbatim
-@end ifnottex
-
-@c The following TeX macros are taken with permission from 
-@c "TeX for the Beginner" by Wynter Snow.
-
-@tex
-\def\startline{\par\nobreak\noindent}
-
-{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\gdef\beginVerbatim{\bigbreak%
-\begingroup%
-\parskip=0pt%
-\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\let^^M=\startline%
-\tt}}
-\gdef\endVerbatim{\endgroup\bigbreak}
-\beginVerbatim
-
-
-   9    8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-| wL | wN | wS | wG | wK | wG | wS | wN | wL |  a   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-|    | wR |    |    |    |    |    | wB |    |  b   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-| wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP | wP |  c   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  d   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  e   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  f   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-| bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP | bP |  g   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-|    | bB |    |    |    |    |    | bR |    |  h   
-+--------------------------------------------+     
-| bL | bN | bS | bG | bK | bG | bS | bN | bL |  i   
-+--------------------------------------------+
-
-\endVerbatim
-@end tex
-
-Here, ``b'' stands for ``black'' and ``w'' stands for ``white'', so
-that, for instance, ``bL'' means ``black lance''.  The numbers above the
-files and the letters to the right of the ranks represent the most
-common notation system used for shogi by westerners (the Japanese also
-use Arabic numerals for the files but use Japanese numerals for the
-ranks).  
-
-
-@c Promotion of pieces.
-
-@node       Promotion of pieces, Drops, The opening setup, The rules of shogi
-@subsection Promotion of pieces
-@cindex     Piece promotion
-
-In sharp contrast to international chess, where only pawns can promote
-to higher-ranked pieces, most of the pieces in shogi can promote.  The
-promoted ranks are discussed in the section on piece moves (@pxref{The
-moves of the pieces}) but are repeated here for reference:
-
-@table @asis
-
-@item Pawn
-promotes to gold general (called a `tokin' in this case only).
-
-@item Lance
-promotes to gold general.
-
-@item Knight
-promotes to gold general.
-
-@item Silver general
-promotes to gold general.
-
-@item Gold general
-does not promote.
-
-@item Bishop
-promotes to ``dragon horse'' or just ``horse'' for short.  The horse can
-move as a bishop or can move one square in any orthogonal direction.
-
-@item Rook
-promotes to ``dragon king'' or just ``dragon'' for short.  The dragon
-can move as a rook or can move one square in any diagonal direction.
-
-@item King
-does not promote.
-
-@end table
-
-The three ranks furthest away from each player constitute his/her
-``promotion zone''.  A player may, but is not required to, promote a
-piece after making a move in which the piece begins and/or ends in the
-promotion zone.  Thus you can promote a piece when moving the piece into
-the promotion zone, out of the promotion zone, or entirely within the
-promotion zone.  Promotion is mandatory in these cases:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item You must promote a pawn or a lance after moving it to the last rank.
-
-@item You must promote a knight after moving it to either of the last
-two ranks.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-These forced promotions ensure that a piece cannot be moved to a square
-from which it would have no further move.
-
-Pieces ``dropped'' onto the board (@pxref{Drops}) always drop in the
-unpromoted state, even if they drop into the promotion zone.
-
-
-
-@c Drops.
-
-@node       Drops, Winning the game, Promotion of pieces, The rules of shogi
-@subsection Drops
-@cindex     Drops
-
-When a player captures a piece, that piece is not removed from play.
-Instead, it becomes the property of the capturer and can re-enter play
-by being placed on (almost) any vacant square during the player's move.
-This is known as a ``drop'' and counts as a full move (in other words,
-you can either move a piece on the board or drop a piece onto the board
-during your move, but not both).  All pieces drop in the unpromoted
-state.  Pieces may be legally dropped in their promotion zone, but they
-do not promote on that turn.
-
-There are several restrictions on drops:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item A pawn may not be dropped onto a file if there is already an
-unpromoted pawn belonging to the same player on that file.  It is legal
-to drop a pawn on a file which contains a @emph{promoted} pawn belonging
-to the same player, however.
-
-@item A pawn may not be dropped to give immediate checkmate on the
-move.  A pawn is, however, permitted to be moved on the board to give
-immediate checkmate.  This is a curious rule, and if anyone knows the
-reason for it I would appreciate it if they would contact me and explain
-it to me :-)
-
-@item A pawn or piece may not be dropped onto a square from which they
-would have no legal move.  This means that pawns and lances may not be
-dropped onto the last rank, and the knight may not be dropped onto the
-last or second-to-last rank.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-It is entirely permissible (and often advisable) to drop a piece or pawn
-between one's King and an attacking ranging piece.  For this reason,
-the final checkmating move is nearly always an attack on the King from
-an adjacent square (except for an attack by a Knight).
-
-Captured pieces are said to be pieces ``in hand''.
-
-The drop is the primary distinguishing feature of Japanese chess, shared
-with no other popular chess-type game.  It gives shogi a very aggressive
-quality, and dramatically increases the number of possible moves once a
-few pieces have been captured.  Another interesting feature of shogi is
-that exchanges complicate play rather than simplifying it (as in
-international chess), because of the drop rule.
-
-
-@c Winning.
-
-@node       Winning the game, Draws, Drops, The rules of shogi
-@subsection Winning the game
-@cindex     Winning the game
-
-A game of shogi is won by capturing the opponent's king.  In general,
-this is done by checkmating the king: attacking the king in such a way
-that the king cannot be defended no matter what the defending player
-moves.  Note, though, that there is no rule that requires a player to
-defend a king which is being attacked.  However, if he does not defend
-his king, the opponent is entirely free to capture it on the next move,
-thus winning the game.  As in international chess, in practice most
-games end by resignation when one player realizes that he cannot escape
-checkmate. 
-
-
-@c Draws.
-
-@node       Draws, Handicaps, Winning the game, The rules of shogi
-@subsection Draws
-@cindex     Draws
-
-There are very few draws in shogi; only about 1-2% of professional games
-end in a draw.  One reason for this is that material can never be
-depleted as in chess, because captured pieces are constantly re-entering
-play as a consequence of the drop rule.  In fact, most of the ways a
-game can be drawn in chess are not allowed in shogi:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item Draws cannot be offered.
-
-@item There is no fifty-move rule.
-
-@item A stalemate counts as a win for the stalemater.  Stated otherwise:
-if you can't move, you lose.
-
-@item Perpetual check is illegal (see below).
-
-@end itemize
-
-There are only two legal ways in which a draw can occur:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item A position (including the pieces in hand) occurs 4 times with the same
-player to move (called ``Sennichite'').  However, if this is caused by
-consecutive checks (direct attacks on the King, threatening to capture
-it on the next move) by one side, the player giving these checks loses
-the game.  In other words, perpetual check results in a loss for the
-attacker who recreates the same position the 4th time.
-
-@item Both players have moved their King into the the promotion zone (or they
-cannot be prevented from doing so) and the Kings cannot be checkmated.
-A King who has entered the promotion zone is known as an ``entering
-King''; due to the forward orientation of most shogi pieces, it is very
-hard to mate such a King.  In that case the players may decide to count
-their pieces as follows: the King does not count, the Rook and Bishop
-count as 5 points, and all other pieces as one point.  Promotion is
-disregarded.  If both players have at least 24 points the game is a draw
-(called ``Jishogi'').  If a player has less, he loses the game.
-
-Of course, a player can refuse to count pieces when he still has mating
-chances or chances to gain material which would affect the outcome of
-the counting.  There is no strict rule about what to do if this is not
-the case, but nonetheless a player refuses to count up (e.g. because he
-does not have enough points for a draw).  It has been generally accepted
-that in such a case the game ends and the pieces are counted after one
-player has managed to get all his pieces protected in the promotion
-zone.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@c Handicaps.
-
-@node       Handicaps, Notes for chess players, Draws, The rules of shogi
-@subsection Handicaps
-@cindex     Handicaps
-
-Unlike international chess, shogi has a well-established handicap system
-which is used when players of different strengths play against each
-other.  Handicaps range from small to huge, which makes it possible for
-weak players to play against even very strong players and have an even
-chance of winning.
-
-Shogi players are ranked as follows: the weakest rank is around 15
-``kyu'', which represents a beginner.  14 kyu is higher than 15 kyu, 13
-kyu is higher still, and so on until you get to 1 kyu.  The next highest
-rank is 1 ``dan'', followed by 2 dan, 3 dan and so forth.  The highest
-amateur rank is 6 dan; professionals go up to 9 dan.  However,
-professional ranks are not the same as amateur ranks; a professional 1
-dan is @emph{much} stronger than an amateur 1 dan.  This system is
-similar to that used by go players (and also other Japanese sports such
-as karate).
-
-A handicap consists of the stronger player playing White and removing
-one or more pieces from his side of the board at the start of the game.
-These pieces are permanently removed from play; they are not in hand.
-
-The following is a list of the accepted handicaps, from weakest to
-strongest.  The degree of the handicap, represented by the position in
-the list, represents the difference in rank between the two players for
-which the handicap is appropriate.  These rules are taken from the books
-``Shogi for Beginners'' by John Fairbairn and ``The Art of Shogi'' by
-Tony Hoskings (@pxref{References and links}) and, I believe, represent
-current Japanese practice.
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his left lance (on 1a).
-
-@item 
-The players play a two-game match; in the first game the stronger player
-removes his left lance (on 1a), while in the second game he removes his
-bishop.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his bishop.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his rook.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his rook and left lance.
-
-@item 
-The players play a two-game match; in the first game the stronger player
-removes his rook and left lance (on 1a), while in the second game he
-removes his rook and bishop.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his rook and bishop.  This is usually called
-a ``two-piece'' handicap.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his rook, bishop, and both lances.  This is
-called a ``four-piece'' handicap.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his rook, bishop, both lances, and both
-knights.  This is called a ``six-piece'' handicap.
-
-@item 
-The stronger player removes his rook, bishop, both lances, both knights,
-and both silvers.  This is called an ``eight-piece'' handicap.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-Another advantage of playing handicap games is that the handicaps alter
-the optimal strategy for both players.  For instance, handicaps all have
-their own opening lines which may bear little or no resemblance to those
-used in non-handicap shogi.  This means that when learning handicap
-shogi, you are essentially learning completely new games which use the
-same equipment!
-
-The reader may wonder how on earth a player giving an eight-piece
-handicap, say, could possibly hope to win.  Don't forget, though, that
-in shogi the opponent's pieces can be captured and then become part of
-one's own army.  Thus, if the opponent plays badly enough, the number of
-pieces will soon even out.
-
-
-@c Notes for chess players.
-
-@node       Notes for chess players,  , Handicaps, The rules of shogi
-@subsection Notes for chess players
-
-Here are a few miscellaneous things that may confuse chess players.
-Some of these have been mentioned elsewhere, but they bear repeating.
-
-@enumerate
-@item There is no queen.
-
-@item Pawns capture the same way they move.  There is no initial
-two-space pawn move and no @emph{en-passant} move.
-
-@item There is no special castling move.  There @emph{are} a large
-number of possible defensive formations referred to as ``castles''
-(@pxref{Sample game}) but there is no need for special moves to create
-them.
-
-@item A given piece can only promote to @emph{one} other kind of piece.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@c 
-@c Sample game.
-@c 
-
-@node    Sample game, Mating problems, The rules of shogi, About shogi
-@section Sample game
-@cindex  Sample game
-
-@c This will have to be spruced up for the TeX version...
-
-This game was annotated by Pieter Stouten (@pxref{References and
-links}).  I have made some minor corrections.  Note that captures are
-denoted by the ``x'' symbol e.g. Rx3f and drops are denoted by the ``*''
-symbol e.g. R*3f.  Check is indicated by a ``+'' after the move,
-e.g. R3f+.  I recommend you use gnushogi/xshogi to play along with this
-game.  In xshogi simply hit the ``Force Moves'' button after starting
-up, while in gnushogi enter the word ``force'' at the prompt.  This will
-allow you to enter moves for both sides.
-
-Note also that the move numbering system used here is the chess-type
-system where one move means one move by each player.  The Japanese count
-one move made by each player as two moves.
-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Below you will find (the English translation of) an annotated game which
-was published in the Dutch Shogi magazine ``81'' and in the Dutch
-beginners booklet.  It has proven to be a very useful game to explain
-some basic principles of Shogi.  Also, it is a rather straightforward
-game compared to professional games where in most cases very diffuse
-middle game fights take place.
-
-   Pieter Stouten, 14th May 1990.
-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Black: Michael Trent (1-dan).  White: David Murphy (2-dan).
-
-   1. P2f P3d  2. P2e B3c @*
-[ This move is necessary, as otherwise white can exchange pawns: 3. P2d
-Px2d 4. Rx2d.  He would thus get a pawn in hand and open up his rook
-file. ]
-
-   3. P7f P4d @*
-[ White closes the bishop diagonal again.  He plans to play ranging rook
-(the rook goes to 5b, 4b, 3 or 2b; a defensive strategy) and in that
-case he'd better avoid an exchange of bishops.  One of the reasons is
-that he will have problems developing his pieces without leaving holes
-for bishop drops. ]
-
-   4. S4h R3b  5. P3f S4b  6. K6h K6b @*
-[ In general the rook plays an important role in the attacks.  It is
-wise to move the king away from the area where the initial fights will
-be and both players act according to the Shogi proverb ``keep the rook
-and king apart''. ]
-
-   7. K7h K7b  8. P5f P5d  9. G4i-5h G4a-5b @*
-[ Both players use their second gold general to build their castle. ]
-
-   10. S6h @*
-[ In itself this move is not bad.  However, it will become clear that
-black plans a quick attack and in that case it is wiser to omit this
-move. ]
-
-   10... S5c  11. P1f P1d @*
-[ The advance of the edge pawns must be timed very well.  The remark at
-black's tenth move applies here too: this move is good if black wants to
-play a slow game, because it eliminates a future B1e. ]
-
-   12. P4f K8b  13. N3g S7b @*
-[ Black develops his knight in order to start an attack over the second,
-third and fourth files.  White strengthens his king's position and
-awaits the attack.  He aims at a counterattack as soon as black has
-broken through into the white camp.  Probably white's breakthrough will
-take place later, but he has good compensation in the form of a stronger
-castle.  This theme occurs very often in static rook versus ranging rook
-games. ]
-
-   14. P4e R4b @*
-[ Black starts his attack and white puts up a very passive defence.  His
-rook has a hard task now to penetrate the black position.  Moreover, he
-blocks his own bishop.  It seems much better to start a counterattack
-with 14... P3e, later to be followed by B2b, B5a or Bx4d in order to use
-his rook more actively. ]
-
-   15. Px4d Sx4d  16. P*4e S5c @*
-[ 16... Sx4e is more active.  A silver general is normally more valuable
-than a knight, but white gets two pawns in hand and black none, while
-the knight might come in handy for white too. ]
-
-   17. Bx3c+ Nx3c  18. P2d Px2d @*
-[ Black threatens to break through and white has to consider taking the
-pawn on 2d or starting a counterattack with Nx4e.  If he chooses the
-latter, black can play Px2c+ followed by +P3c.  The disadvantage is the
-black ``tokin'' (=promoted pawn) that white will get in his camp; the
-advantage is that it will cost black two more moves to promote his rook.
-Because white did not trust that the result after engaging in a
-``semeai'' (=mutual attack) with 18...Nx4e would give a positive result,
-he captured the pawn on 2d.  Making the right decision in moments like
-this often makes the difference between a win and a loss: miss one
-attacking chance and you will be forced to defend the whole game until
-the unavoidable defeat; on the other hand, an unsound attack can destroy
-all ``aji'' (=potential, meaning possibilities, threats) without getting
-anything in return. ]
-
-   19. Rx2d Nx4e  20. Nx4e Rx4e  21. R2a+ P*4g @*
-[ Now it becomes clear why black's 10. S6h was not good.  Had this move
-been omitted, then white would not have had the time to play 13... S7b
-and after R2a+ the gold on 6a would hang.  Thus black would have kept
-``sente'' (=initiative).  Instead of 21... P*4g, B*6d is a very good
-move, because after 22. P*2h black does not have a pawn in hand anymore
-and he is being threatened with the annoying 22... N*4f 23. G5g N3h+
-24. S4g +N4h also.  Black can also counter 21... B*6d with 22. N*3g.
-White would then reply with 22... R4b 23. B*3c P*4g 24. Bx4b+ Sx4b.  The
-white rook has played its role and instead of spending moves on saving
-it white starts to scatter black's defences by successive pawn drops on
-the fourth file: 25. Gx4g P*4f 26. G5g N*6e 27. G5h P4g+ 28. Gx4g P*4f.
-This analysis was provided by Kato Hifumi, 9-dan professional (the
-highest regular grade).  Destroying the coherence of the enemy pieces
-(their shape) by dropping pawns is one of the most important Shogi
-techniques.  With the actual move 21... P*4g white missed a good
-chance. ]
-
-   22. Sx4g P*4f  23. B*3g Px4g+  24. +Rx6a +Px3g @*
-[ 23. B*3g seems pointless, but a closer look reveals that it is
-actually quite mean.  On move 24 white cannot capture black's ``Ryu''
-(=dragon =promoted rook) with his silver: 24... Sx6a 25. N*7d K7b
-26. G*8b mate.  By attacking the front of the white castle and
-threatening to mate him there, black has the chance to break down the
-white defences from the side. ]
-
-   25. +Rx5b S*6b @*
-[ Here 25... B*4d would be much better, because it is defensive and
-attacking at the same time.  After e.g. 26. G*4c Bx9i+ 27. Gx5c black
-threatens 28. +Rx7b Kx7b 29. S*6a K8b 30. S*7a Kx7a 31. G*7b mate.
-White is one move quicker, however.  He has the following beautiful
-``tsume'' (mating sequence where every move is check): 27... N*8f 28. Px8f
-S*8g 29. Kx8g B*9h 30. K7h Bx8i+ 31. K8g +B8i-8h 32. K9f L*9e mate.
-This illustrates the sharpness of Shogi: one move can make the
-difference between winning and losing. ]
-
-   26. P*4f Rx4f @*
-[ This move eliminates white's last chances.  26... R4b 27. +Rx4b Sx4b
-28. R*4a seems annoying, but after 28... B*3c 29. S7g B*3b white wins
-the rook and with his ``tokin'' on 3g there still is some hope. ]
-
-   27. N*6e +P4g @*
-[ White cannot defend anymore, so he starts a desperate attack.  Black
-does not lose the right track, however. ]
-
-   28. Nx5c+ +Px5h  29. +Nx6b +Px6h  30. Gx6h N*8f  31. Px8f B*6i  32. Gx6i
-   R4h+  33. N*6h +Rx6h  34. Gx6h S*8g  35. Kx8g N*9e  36. K7h Resigns @*
-[ White resigns here, because after 36... B*8g 27. K7g his attack has
-petered out. ]
-
-@page
-
-
-@c 
-@c Mating problems.
-@c 
-
-@node    Mating problems, Shogi variants, Sample game, About shogi
-@section Mating problems
-
-One good way to improve at shogi is to solve mating problems.  There are
-several types of these problems, but the most common is called a
-``tsume-shogi'' problem, or ``tsume'' problem for short.  In a tsume
-problem, all pieces that are not on the board are assumed to be in the
-opponent's hand (except for your King, which is usually not shown).
-Every move you make must be check until the final checkmate.  Your
-opponent may play any piece on the board or drop any of his pieces in
-hand in order to prevent the mate.  In a properly constructed tsume
-problem, all of your pieces on the board and in hand must be essential
-to the solution.  One consequence of this is that all of your pieces in
-hand must be played during the solution.  There should only be one
-correct solution for the given number of moves.  Tsume problems use
-Japanese-style move numbering; thus, a problem where you move (and give
-check), your opponent moves, and you move to give checkmate is called a
-three-mover.  Here is a really trivial three-mover:
-
-@ifnottex
-@verbatim
-   3    2    1
-----------------+
- |    |    |    |  a
-----------------+
- |    |    | wK |  b
-----------------+
- |    |    |    |  c
-----------------+
- | bN |    |    |  d
-----------------+
- |    |    |    |  e
-----------------+
- |    | bN |    |  f
-----------------+
-
-Black in hand: S, G
-@end verbatim
-@end ifnottex
-
-
-@tex
-\def\startline{\par\nobreak\noindent}
-
-{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\gdef\beginVerbatim{\bigbreak%
-\begingroup%
-\parskip=0pt%
-\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\let^^M=\startline%
-\tt}}
-\gdef\endVerbatim{\endgroup\bigbreak}
-\beginVerbatim
-
-   3    2    1            
-----------------+         
- |    |    |    |  a         
-----------------+           
- |    |    | wK |  b         
-----------------+           
- |    |    |    |  c       
-----------------+         
- | bN |    |    |  d       
-----------------+         
- |    |    |    |  e       
-----------------+         
- |    | bN |    |  f       
-----------------+
-     
-Black in hand: 2G
-
-\endVerbatim
-@end tex
-
-Here, Black plays G*2b, White plays K1c, and Black plays G*1d mate.
-More typical tsume problems range from 5 moves to arbitrarily high
-numbers of moves, and they can be quite brain-busting.  Tsume problems
-may seem artificial, but in the closing stages of the game where both
-players have a lot of pieces in hand, it is often necessary to give
-check at every move, or else your opponent will start a counterattack
-and will mate you before you mate him.  A tsume problem is a worst-case
-scenario for the attacker: you have to mate your opponent even though he
-has every piece not on the board in hand, which means you have to
-develop sharp attacking skills.  Many more tsume problems can be found
-on the internet; I particularly recommend Patrick Davin's ``Shogi
-Nexus'' (@pxref{References and links}).
-
-@page
-
-@c 
-@c Shogi variants.
-@c 
-
-@node    Shogi variants, Differences between shogi and chess, Mating problems, About shogi
-@section Shogi variants
-@cindex  Shogi variants
-@cindex  Variants
-@cindex  Tori Shogi
-@cindex  Wa Shogi
-@cindex  Chu Shogi
-@cindex  Dai Shogi
-@cindex  Tenjiku Shogi
-@cindex  Dai-dai Shogi
-@cindex  Maka-dai-dai Shogi
-@cindex  Tai Shogi
-@cindex  Kyoku Tai Shogi
-
-Several historical variants of shogi exist.  Most of these were invented
-before modern shogi (in some cases hundreds of years before), are much
-larger than modern shogi and are not played with drops.  Thus, in many
-ways they are really more like giant chess games than like modern shogi.
-The only one of these games to have survived in Japan is Chu (middle)
-shogi, which is still played a little bit.  Thanks to the efforts of
-George Hodges and John Fairbairn of the Shogi Association (two British
-shogi enthusiasts), these games were resurrected and rules and sets for
-them can still be purchased from George Hodges (@pxref{References and
-links}).  I hope to eventually extend GNU shogi so that it can play at
-least some of these games.  There are also several non-historical
-variants of shogi; I don't know much about them but you can find
-information about them on the internet (@pxref{References and links}).
-
-The historical variants include:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item
-Tori (bird) shogi, played on a 7x7 board with 32 pieces in all; this is
-the only variant that is known to have been played with drops.
-
-@item
-Wa shogi, played on an 11x11 board with 54 pieces.  This game can be
-played with or without drops but the historical evidence favors the view
-that it was played without drops.  However, most people who have tried
-it claim it is a much better game with drops, being even more intricate
-than standard shogi.
-
-@item
-Chu (middle) shogi, played on a 12x12 board with 92 pieces.  This was
-(and is) by far the most popular of the variants, and has 21 different
-kinds of pieces in the starting line-up alone (along with several others
-that appear upon promotion).  Unlike modern shogi, there are a
-tremendous number of ranging pieces and the game is definitely not
-played with drops.  There is also an amazing piece called the Lion which
-has a double king move and can capture two pieces at once!  Chu shogi
-has a small but fanatical following, some of whom consider it better
-than modern shogi.
-
-@item
-Dai (great) shogi, played on a 15x15 board with 130 pieces.  Other than
-the larger board, this game is very similar to Chu shogi.
-
-@item
-Tenjiku (exotic) shogi, played on a 16x16 board with 176 pieces.  This
-game is possibly the most complex tactical game in existence.  There are
-many astoundingly powerful pieces, including one (the Fire Demon) that
-can capture up to eight opposing pieces in a single move!  Despite the
-size of the game, checkmates can occur very suddenly (and often very
-early on) if one player makes a wrong move.  Tenjiku also has a small
-but fanatical following, one of whom (Colin Adams) has written a book on
-the game which is available for download at
-@uref{http://www.colina.demon.co.uk/tenjiku.html}.
-
-@item
-Dai-dai (great-great) shogi, played on a 17x17 board with 192 pieces.
-The opening setup alone has 64 different kinds of pieces!  This game and
-the larger ones that follow sound pretty outlandish, but they have
-actually been played; a game of Dai-dai can supposedly be played in
-about 12 hours.
-
-@item
-Maka-dai-dai (great-great-great) shogi, played on a 19x19 board with 192
-pieces.  For those for whom Dai-dai shogi is just too small :-)
-
-@item
-Tai (grand) shogi, played on a 25x25 board with 354 pieces!  Until
-recently, this was thought to be the biggest chess game ever devised,
-but now there is...
-
-@item
-Kyoku tai (extremely grand?) shogi, played on a 36x36 board with 402
-pieces.  The rules for this have just been unearthed in an old Japanese
-book.  Hopefully someone will soon organize a postal Kyoku tai shogi
-championship; maybe their distant ancestors could finish it :-)
-
-It is thought that the really huge games (Dai-dai and up) were never
-really played to any significant extent (gee, wonder why?) and were
-devised merely so that the creators could have the fun of inventing
-enormous games, amazing their friends and confounding their enemies.
-However, the games up to Tenjiku shogi at least appear to be quite
-playable, assuming one has the time.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@c
-@c Differences between shogi and chess.
-@c
-
-@node    Differences between shogi and chess,  ,  Shogi variants, About shogi
-@section Differences between shogi and chess
-@cindex  Shogi vs. Chess
-
-Some differences between shogi and international chess have been
-mentioned elsewhere in this document; I summarize them here for people
-who are interested in game comparisons.  I won't try to deal with the
-thorny question of which game is ``better'' although my bias may have
-already come through :-) In fact, the drop rule makes the two games so
-different in character that arguing over which game is better is like
-comparing apples to oranges (you'd be better off comparing chess to Chu
-shogi (@pxref{Shogi variants}).  However, I believe that if you are a
-chess fan you'll really like shogi as well, and shogi is also popular
-with many people who don't particularly like chess.
-
-Here are the significant differences between chess and shogi:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item
-In shogi, captured pieces become the property of the capturer and can
-re-enter play by being dropped onto almost any vacant square.  In chess,
-captured pieces are out of the game.  Thus, in shogi, piece exchanges
-complicate the play significantly while in chess they simplify it.
-
-@item
-The shogi board is 9x9; the chess board is 8x8.
-
-@item
-Shogi has five pieces with no counterpart in chess: the gold and silver
-generals, the lance, the promoted rook and the promoted bishop.  Chess
-has one piece with no counterpart in shogi: the queen.  The knight's
-move in shogi is much more restrictive than in chess.  Pieces in shogi
-generally have a much smaller range of movement than in chess (unless
-they are in hand).
-
-@item
-In shogi, all pieces except the gold general and the king can promote,
-but only to one kind of piece.  Promotion is easier in shogi because the
-promotion zone is closer to the starting position of the pieces
-(especially pawns).  In chess, only the pawn can promote, but it can
-promote to any other piece except the king.
-
-@item
-In shogi, pawns capture the same way they move.  There is no initial
-two-space pawn move and hence no @emph{en-passant} captures.  In chess,
-pawns capture diagonally which means that opposing pawns can block each
-other.
-
-@item
-In shogi, you only have one rook and one bishop.  Note that the bishop
-is not restricted to only one ``color'' square (squares in shogi aren't
-colored, but never mind) because promoted bishops can also move one
-square orthogonally.
-
-@item
-There is no special castling move in shogi.  The term ``castle'' is
-used in shogi to denote a defensive formation consisting of (usually)
-three generals which protect the king.  There are many such castles
-(about 40 or so have names).  @xref{Sample game}.
-
-@item
-Draws are much rarer in shogi than in chess.  Perpetual check is not
-allowed.  Stalemate is a virtual impossibility, and is a loss for the
-stalematee. 
-
-@item
-Since pieces are never out of play in shogi, chess-type endgames
-involving only a few pieces do not occur.
-
-@item
-Shogi games are generally longer than chess games (about 60-70 moves is
-typical).
-
-@item
-Shogi has a well-developed handicap system which is in general use;
-chess does not.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-The effects of all these differences on play include (in my opinion):
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item
-Piece/pawn structures in chess are more rigid than in shogi.  Pawns
-block each other and pawns, once advanced, cannot ever retreat.  In
-shogi, you can repair the hole caused by a pawn advance by exchanging
-the pawn and dropping it back where you want it.  Thus shogi is more
-fluid than chess and less ``structural''.
-
-@item
-Counterattack is MUCH more common in shogi than in chess.  Games
-typically end in mutual mating attacks, where each player is trying to
-checkmate the other player before being checkmated himself.  This makes
-tempo incredibly important and also makes sacrificial play quite common.
-
-@item
-Attacks involving only ranging pieces are more a feature of chess than
-of shogi.  A shogi attack typically uses a ranging piece or pieces to
-support an attack by short-range pieces (especially generals).  It is
-very rare to mate a king with a non-adjacent ranging piece in shogi
-since the player whose king is threatened can almost always interpose by
-dropping a piece.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-
-@c --------------------
-@c gnushogi.
-@c --------------------
-
-@node    gnushogi, xshogi, About shogi, Top
-@chapter gnushogi
-@cindex  gnushogi
-
-This section describes how to run the ``gnushogi'' program.
-
-SYNOPSIS
-     
-gnushogi [ [[-]a] [-b bookfile] [-B binbookfile] [-C] [-h langfile] 
-[-L langfile] [-r length] [-R] [-s pathname] [-l pathname] [-S binbooksize]
-[-t] [-c size] [-T size] [-v] [-x] [-X] arg1 arg2 ]
-
-DESCRIPTION
-
-GNU shogi (gnushogi) plays a game of japanese chess (shogi) against the
-user or it plays against itself.
-
-At startup gnushogi reads the binbook file if it is present.  It then
-looks for a book file.  If it is present it adds its contents to the
-binbook data.  If the binbook file is writable a new combined binbook
-file is written.
-
-Gnushogi is a modified version of the gnuchess program.  It has a simple
-alphanumeric board display, or it can be used with the xshogi program
-under X windows.  The program gets its opening moves from the file
-gnushogi.bbk which is located in a directory specified in the Makefile.
-To invoke the program type:
-
-@table @samp
-
-@item  gnushogi -C
-simple curses based version
-
-@item  gnushogi -X (or just gnushogi)
-xshogi compatible version
-
-@item gnushogi -R
-raw test display version
-@end table
-
-TIME CONTROLS
-
-If one argument is given, it is the search time per move in
-[minutes:]seconds.  So gnushogi 30 will generate one move every 30
-seconds, while gnushogi 5:00 will generate one move every 5 minutes.
-
-If two or more arguments are given, they will be used to set tournament
-time controls with the first argument of each pair being the number of
-moves and the second being the total clock time in minutes[:seconds].
-Thus, entering gnushogi 60 5 will set the clocks for 5 minutes (300
-seconds) for the first 60 moves, and gnushogi 30 3:30 will allow 3
-minutes and 30 seconds for 30 moves.
-
-gnushogi 30 5 1 :30 will allow 5 minutes for the first 30 moves and 30
-seconds for each move after that.  Up to 4 pairs of controls may be
-specified.
-
-If no argument is given the program will prompt the user for level of
-play.
-
-For use with xshogi see the documentation on that program.
-@xref{xshogi}.
-
-@page
-
-BOOK
-
-The book gnushogi.tbk consists of a sequence of openings.  An opening
-begins with a line starting with a # (the rest of the line is a comment).
-Following this is a series of moves in algebraic notation alternating
-between black and white separated by whitespace.  A move may have a ?
-after it indicating this move should never be made in this position.  Moves
-are stored as position:move so transpositions between openings can take
-place.
-
-HASHFILE
-
-The hashfile if created should be on the order of 4 megabytes; you can
-create such a hashfile by typing ``gnushogi -c 22'' (see below).  This
-file contains positions and moves learned from previous games.  If a
-hashfile is used the computer makes use of the experience it gained in
-past games.  Tests run so far show that it plays no worse with the
-hashfile than without, but it is not clear yet whether it provides a
-real advantage.
-
-LEGAL MOVES
-
-Note: Piece letters are determined by the language file.  What is
-specified here is the default (English).
-
-Once gnushogi is invoked, the program will display the board and prompt
-the user for a move.  To enter a move, use the notation 7g7f where the
-first letter-number pair indicates the origin square and the second
-letter-number pair indicates the destination square.  An alternative is
-to use the notation P7f where the first letter indicates the piece type
-(P,L,N,S,G,B,R,K).  To promote append a + the type of the new piece to
-the move, as in 2d2c+ or P2c+. Note that you must use capital letters
-for the pieces by default.
-
-COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS
-
-@table @samp
-
-@item -a
-Do not search on opponent's time.
-
-@item a
-Do search on opponent's time.
-
-@item -b @var{bookfile}
-Use bookfile for opening book.
-
-@item -B @var{binbookfile}
-Use binbookfile for binary opening book.
-
-@item -c @var{size}          
-Create a new HASHFILE.  File size is 2^size entries of approximately 65+?
-bytes.
-
-@item -C
-Use curses-based display mode.
-
-@item -h   
-Do not use hashfile.
-
-@item h    
-Do use hashfile.
-
-@item -l @var{pathname}
-Pathname of the loadfile used with get or xget.
-
-@item -L @var{lang}
-Use language lang from the file gnushogi.lang.  If -L is not specified
-it uses the first language in the file.
-
-@item  -P @var{plylevels}
-Number of plys to include in the binbookfile.  For generating a
-binbookfile.
-
-@item  -r @var{length}
-Rehash @emph{length} times in searching entries for position in
-transposition table.
-
-@item  -R  
-Use raw text display mode.  This can be used for dumb terminals or for
-systems that don't have curses.
-
-@item  -s @var{pathname}
-Pathname of the save file to use with the save command.
-
-@item  -S @var{size}
-Size of binbookfile for memory based books.  For creating a binbookfile.
-
-@item  -t   
-Show statistics for HASHFILE.
-
-@item  -T @var{size}
-Set the transposition table size to 2^size entries.
-
-@item  -v   
-Show version and patchlevel.
-
-@item  -x @var{value}
-Use value as the evaluation window xwndw.
-
-@item  -X   
-Use xshogi display mode (the default).
-
-@end table
-
-
-COMMANDS
-
-In addition to legal moves, the following commands can be entered at the
-gnushogi prompt.  Note: command names are determined by the language
-file and may vary with the implementation.  The default language is
-English.
-
-@table @samp
-
-@item alg
-allow algebraic input (not implemented).
-
-@item Awindow 
-change Alpha window (default score + 90).
-
-@item Bwindow 
-change Beta window (default score - 90).
-
-@item beep 
-toggles beeping after each move (default: on).
-
-@item bd 
-updates the current board position on the display.
-
-@item book 
-turns off use of the opening library.
-
-@item both 
-causes the computer to play both sides of a shogi game.
-
-@item black 
-causes the computer to play as White, if the computer was to move
-first.
-
-@item bsave 
-saves a game to disk as a book textfile.  The program will prompt the
-user for a file name.
-
-@item gamein 
-toggles game mode time control.  Assumes the time specified for time
-control is the time for a complete game.  Input with the level command
-should be the game time and the expected number of moves in a game.  go
-command must be given.
-
-@item coords 
-show coordinates on the display (visual only).
-
-@item contempt 
-allows the value of @emph{contempt} to be modified.
-
-@item debug 
-asks for a piece as color piece, as wb or bn, and shows its calculated
-value on each square.
-
-@item debuglevel 
-sets level of debugging output if compiled with debug options.
-
-@item depth 
-allows the user to change the search depth of the program.  The maximum
-depth is 29 ply.  Normally the depth is set to 29 and the computer
-terminates its search based on elapsed time rather than depth.  If depth
-is set to (say) 4 ply, the program will search until all moves have been
-examined to a depth of 4 ply (with extensions up to 11 additional ply
-for sequences of checks and captures).  If you set a maximum time per
-move and also use the depth command, the search will stop at the
-specified time or the specified depth, whichever comes first.
-
-@item easy 
-toggles easy mode (thinking on opponents time) on and off. The default
-is easy mode ON.  If easy mode is disabled, the keyboard is polled for
-input every so often and when input is seen the search is terminated. It
-may also be terminated with a sigint.
-
-@item edit 
-allows the user to set up a board position.
-@itemize @minus
-
-@item #    
-clear the board.
-
-@item c
-toggle piece color.
-
-@item .
-command will exit setup mode.
-
-@item p3b
-place a pawn on 3b
-
-@item p3b+
-place a promoted pawn on 3b
-
-@item p*
-place a pawn in hand (among the captured pieces)
-
-@end itemize
-
-Pieces are entered by typing a letter (p,l,n,s,g,b,r,k)  for
-the piece followed by the coordinate.  Here, letter case is ignored.
-
-The usual warning about the language file applies.
-
-@item exit 
-exits gnushogi.
-
-@item first 
-tells the computer to move first.  Computer begins searching for a move.
-(same as ``go'').
-
-@item force 
-allows the user to enter moves for both sides.  To get the program to
-play after a sequence of moves has been entered use the ``black'' or
-``white'' commands.
-
-@item get 
-retrieves a game from disk.  The program will prompt the user for a file
-name.
-
-@item go 
-tells the computer to move first.  Computer begins searching for a move.
-(same as ``first'').
-
-@item hash 
-use/don't use hashfile.
-
-@item hashdepth 
-allows the user to change the minimum depth for using the hashfile and
-the number of moves from the beginning of the game to use it.
-
-@item help 
-displays a short description of the commands and the current status of
-options.
-
-@item hint 
-causes the program to supply the user with its predicted move.
-
-@item level 
-allows the user to set time controls such as 60 moves in 5 minutes etc.
-In tournament mode, the program will vary the time it takes for each
-move depending on the situation.  If easy mode is disabled (using the
-``easy'' command), the program will often respond with its move
-immediately, saving time on its clock for use later on.
-
-@item list 
-writes the game moves and some statistics on search depth, nodes, and
-time to the file ``shogi.lst''.
-
-@item material 
-toggle material flag - draws on no pawns and both sides < rook.
-
-@item new 
-starts a new game.
-
-@item p 
-evaluates the board and shows the point score for each piece.  The total
-score for a position is the sum of these individual piece scores.
-
-@item post 
-causes the program to display the principal variation and the score
-during the search.  A score of 100 is equivalent to a 1 pawn advantage
-for the computer.
-
-@item quit 
-exits the game.
-
-@item random 
-causes the program to randomize its move selection slightly.
-
-@item rcptr 
-set recapture mode.
-
-@item remove 
-backout the last level for both sides.  Equal to 2 undo's.
-
-@item reverse 
-causes the board display to be reversed.  That is, the Black's pieces will
-now appear at the top of the board.
-
-@item rv 
-reverse board display.
-
-@item save 
-saves a game to disk.  The program will prompt the user for a file name.
-
-@item switch 
-causes the program to switch places with the opponent and begin
-searching.
-
-@item test 
-performs some speed tests for MoveList and CaptureList generation, and
-ScorePosition position scoring for the current board.
-
-@item time 
-set computer's time remaining, intended for synchronizing clocks among
-multiple players.
-
-@item tsume 
-toggle tsume mode. In tsume mode, not all possible moves will be
-generated. If a king is in check, only moves that get the king out of
-check are generated.  If the king is not in check, only moves that give
-check to the opponent's king are generated.
-
-@item undo 
-undoes the last move whether it was the computer's or the human's.  You
-may also type ``remove''.  This is equivalent to two ``undo'''s
-(e.g. retract one move for each side).
-
-@item white 
-causes the computer to play as Black; if the computer is to move
-first the go command must be given.
-
-@item xget 
-read an xshogi position file.
-
-@item xsave 
-save as an xshogi position file.
-
-@item xwndw 
-change X window. The window around alpha/beta used to determine whether
-the position should be scored or just estimated.  Note: this has
-@emph{nothing} to do with xshogi or X windows; the terms are completely
-separate.
-
-@end table
-
-
-@c --------------------
-@c xshogi.
-@c --------------------
-
-@node    xshogi, References and links, gnushogi, Top
-@chapter xshogi
-@cindex  xshogi
-
-This section describes how to run the ``xshogi'' program.
-
-SYNOPSIS
-
-xshogi [ options ]
-
-DESCRIPTION
-
-xshogi provides an X11/Xt/Athena Widgets user interface for gnushogi.
-With xshogi you can play gnushogi, set up arbitrary positions, force
-variations, or watch xshogi manage a game between two shogi programs.
-Furthermore, it can be used as an interface between two players on
-different displays.
-
-xshogi can also be used as a shogi board to play out games.  It will
-read through a game file or allow a player to play through a variation
-manually (force mode).  This is useful for keeping track of email postal
-games or browsing games off the net.
-
-After starting xshogi, you can make moves by pressing mouse button 1
-while the cursor is over a square with your piece on it and dragging the
-mouse to another square.  If the move is illegal, gnushogi will not
-allow it.  xshogi will then retract the move.
-
-COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS
-
-The following command line options also correspond to X resources that
-you can set in your .Xdefaults file.
-
-@table @samp
-
-@item [standard Xt options]
-xshogi accepts standard Xt options like -display, -geometry, and
--iconic.
-
-@item -tc or -timeControl minutes[:seconds]
-Amount of time for a set of moves determined by movesPerSession.  If
-this number of moves is played within the time control period, xshogi
-resets the time clocks.  Default: 5 minutes.
-
-@item -mps or -movesPerSession moves
-Number of moves in a time control period.  Default: 40 moves.
-
-@item -st or -searchTime minutes[:seconds]
-Tell gnushogi to spend at most the given amount of time searching for
-each of its moves.  Without this option, gnushogi chooses its search
-time based on the number of moves and amount of time remaining until the
-next time control.  Setting this option also sets -clockMode to False.
-
-@item -sd or -searchDepth number
-Tell gnushogi to look ahead at most the given number of moves when
-searching for a move to make.  Without this option, gnushogi chooses
-its search depth based on the number of moves and amount of time
-remaining until the next time control.  Setting this option also sets
--clockMode to False.
-
-@item -clock or -clockMode (True | False)
-Determines whether or not to use the clock.  If clockMode is False, the
-clock does not run, but the side that is to play next is still
-highlighted.
-
-@item -td or -timeDelay seconds
-Time delay between moves during ``Load Game''.  This doesn't have to be
-a round number.  Try -td 0.4.  Default: 1 second.
-
-@item -nsp or -noShogiProgram (True | False)
-If this option is True, xshogi acts as a passive shogi board; it does
-not try to start a shogi program, not even to check whether moves made
-in Force mode are legal.  It also sets -clockMode to False.  Default:
-False.
-
-@item -fsp or -firstShogiProgram program
-Name of first shogi program.  In matches between two machines, this
-program plays white.  Default: ``gnushogi''.
-
-@item -ssp or -secondShogiProgram program
-Name of second shogi program, if needed.  In matches between two
-machines, this program plays black; otherwise it is not started.
-Default: ``gnushogi''.
-
-@item -fh or -firstHost host
-Name of host the first shogi program plays on.  Default: ``localhost''.
-
-@item -sh or -secondHost host
-Name of host the second shogi program plays on.  Default: ``localhost''.
-
-@item -rsh or -remoteShell shell_name
-Some systems do not use rsh as the remote shell.  This option allows a
-user to name the remote shell command.  This should be done in the
-resource file.
-
-@item -mm or -matchMode (False | Init | Position | Opening)
-Automatically run a game between firstShogiProgram and
-secondShogiProgram.  If matchMode is set to Init, xshogi will start the
-game with the initial shogi position.  If matchMode is set to Position,
-xshogi will start the game with the position specified by the
-loadPositionFile resource.  If matchMode is set to Opening, xshogi will
-play out the opening moves specified by the -loadGameFile resource.  If
-the -saveGameFile resource is set, a move record for the match will be
-saved in the specified file.  Default: ``False''.
-
-@item -lgf or -loadGameFile file
-Name of file to read a game record from.  Game files are found in the
-directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable
-is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name starts
-with a /.
-
-@item -lpf or -loadPositionFile file
-Name of file to read a game position from.  Position files are found in
-the directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this
-variable is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name
-starts with a /.
-
-@item -sgf or -saveGameFile file
-Name of file to save a game record to.  Game files are saved in the
-directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable
-is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name starts
-with a /.
-
-@item -spf or -savePositionFile file
-Name of file to save a game position to.  Position files are saved in
-the directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this
-variable is not set, the current directory is used unless the file name
-starts with a /.
-
-@item -coords or -showCoords (True | False)
-If this option is True, xshogi displays algebraic coordinates along the
-board's left and bottom edges.  The default is False.  The coordFont
-resource specifies what font to use.
-
-@item -mono or -monoMode (True | False)
-Determines whether xshogi displays its pieces and squares with two
-colors or four.  You shouldn't have to specify monochrome.  xshogi will
-determine if this is necessary.
-
-@item -pc or -pieceColor color
-Color specification for pieces suitable for XParseColor().
-Default: #FFFFD7.  
-
-@item -sc or -squareColor color
-Same for squares.  Default: #EBDFB0.
-
-@item -wps or -westernPieceSet (True | False)
-Choose the Western style piece set.
-
-@item -npb or -normalPawnBitmap file
-@item -nnb or -normalKnightBitmap file
-@item -nbb or -normalBishopBitmap file
-@item -nrb or -normalRookBitmap file
-@item -nkb or -normalKingBitmap file
-Names of the bitmap files for the bitmap piece icons.
-
-@item -rpb or -reversePawnBitmap file
-@item -rnb or -reverseKnightBitmap file
-@item -rbb or -reverseBishopBitmap file
-@item -rrb or -reverseRookBitmap file
-@item -rkb or -reverseKingBitmap file
-Names of the bitmap files for the outline piece icons.
-
-@item -debug or -debugMode (True | False)
-Turns on debugging printout.
-
-@end table
-
-@page
-
-OTHER X RESOURCES
-
-@table @samp
-
-@item initString
-The actual string that is sent to initialize the shogi program can be
-set from .Xdefaults.  It can't be set from the command line because of
-syntax problems.  The default value is ``new\nbeep\nrandom\neasy\n''.
-The ``new'' and ``beep'' commands are required. You can remove the
-``random'' command if you like; including it causes gnushogi to
-randomize its move selection slightly so that it doesn't play the same
-moves in every game.  Even without ``random'', gnushogi randomizes its
-choice of moves from its opening book.  You can also remove ``easy'' if
-you like; including it toggles easy mode off, causing gnushogi to think
-on your time.  That is, if ``easy'' is included in the initString, GNU
-Shogi thinks on your time; if not, it does not.  (Yes, this does seem
-backwards, doesn't it.)  You can also try adding other commands to the
-initString; see the gnushogi documentation (@pxref{gnushogi}) for
-details.
-
-@item blackString and whiteString
-These resources control what is sent when the Machine Black and Machine
-White buttons are selected.  This is mostly for compatibility with
-obsolete versions of gnushogi.
-
-Alternate bitmaps for piece icons can be specified either by choosing
-one of the built-in sets or with the file name resources described
-above.  There are three built-in sets of piece bitmaps available, large
-(the default), medium, or small.  It is easiest to select the set you
-prefer in the .Xdefaults file:
-
-     XShogi*boardSize:   Medium
-
-The font used for button labels and comments can be changed in the
-.Xdefaults file.  You may want to choose a smaller font if you are using
-the small pieces:
-
-     XShogi*font:    helvetica_oblique12
-
-The font used for coordinates (when the showCoords option is True) can
-be set similarly:
-
-     XShogi*coordFont:    helvetica_10
-
-If you are using a grayscale monitor, try setting the colors to:
-
-     XShogi*pieceColor:     gray100 @*
-     XShogi*squareColor:    gray60  @*
-
-@end table
-
-COMMAND BUTTONS AND KEYS
-
-@table @samp
-
-@item Quit    
-Quits xshogi.  Q or q is a keyboard equivalent.
-
-@item Reset   
-Resets xshogi to the beginning of a shogi game.  It also deselects any
-game or position files.
-
-@item Flip View
-inverts the view of the shogi board.
-
-@item Hint    
-displays a move hint from gnushogi.
-
-@item Load Game
-plays a game from a record file.  If no file is specified a popup dialog
-asks for a filename.  Game files are found in the directory named by the
-SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable is not declared then
-the current directory is used unless the file name starts with a /.  G
-or g is a keyboard equivalent.  The game file parser will accept almost
-any file that contains moves in algebraic notation.  If the first line
-begins with `#', it is assumed to be a title and is displayed.  Text
-enclosed in parentheses or square brackets is assumed to be commentary
-and is displayed in a pop-up window.  Any other text in the file is
-ignored.
-
-@item Load Position
-sets up a position from a position file.  If no file is specified a
-popup dialog asks for a filename.  Position files are found in the
-directory named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable
-is not declared then the current directory is used unless the file name
-starts with a /.  Position files must be in the format that the Save
-Position command writes.
-
-@item Save Game
-saves a game to a record file.  If no file is specified a popup dialog
-asks for a filename.  If the filename exists, the user is asked whether
-the current game record is be appended to this file or if the file
-should be replaced.  Game files are saved in the directory named by the
-SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable is not declared then
-the current directory is used unless the file name starts with a /.
-Game files are human-readable, and can also be read back by the Load
-Game command. Furthermore, they are accepted as gnushogi text bookfiles.
-
-@item Save Position
-saves a position to a position file.  If no file is specified a popup
-dialog asks for a filename.  Position files are saved in the directory
-named by the SHOGIDIR environment variable.  If this variable is not
-declared then the current directory is used unless the file name starts
-with a /.  Position files are human-readable, and can also be read back
-by the Load Position command.
-
-@item Machine White
-forces gnushogi to play white.
-
-@item Machine Black
-forces gnushogi to play black.
-
-@item Force Moves
-forces a series of moves.  That is, gnushogi stops playing and xshogi
-allows you to make moves for both white and black.
-
-@item Two Machines
-plays a game between two computer programs.
-
-@item Forward 
-moves forward through a series of remembered moves.  F or f is a
-keyboard equivalent.
-
-@item Backward
-moves backward through a series of remembered moves.  As a side effect,
-puts xshogi into Force Moves mode.  B or b is a keyboard equivalent.
-
-@item Pause   
-pauses the clocks or (in Load Game mode) pauses the game being loaded.
-Press Pause again to continue.  P or p is a keyboard equivalent.
-
-@item Edit Position
-lets you set up an arbitrary board position.  Use mouse button 1 to drag
-pieces to new squares, or to delete a piece by dragging it off the board
-or dragging an empty square on top of it.  To drop a new piece on a
-square, press mouse button 2 or 3 over the square.  This brings up a
-menu of black pieces (button 2) or white pieces (button 3).  Additional
-menu choices let you empty the square or clear the board.  You can set
-the side to play next by clicking on the Black or White indicator at the
-top of the screen.
-
-@item Challenge
-allows you to make a two display game between two human players.  Enter
-the display you want to connect to.  If you are allowed to connect, a
-new board is displayed at the remote display.  Challenge mode can only
-be stopped by pressing ``quit''.
-
-@item Select Level
-allows you to reset the clocks for both players.  Enter the number of
-moves and the number of minutes in which the moves should be done.
-
-@item Move NOW
-force computer to stop thinking and to make the current best move.
-
-@item Iconify I, i, C or c 
-iconifies xshogi.
-
-@end table
-
-LIMITATIONS
-
-If you press the  Pause  button  during  GNU  Shogi's  turn,
-xshogi will stop the clocks, but gnushogi will still make a
-move.
-
-After a mate or draw when playing against gnushogi, if  you
-back  up  with  the  Backward  button,  the clocks are reset
-(because gnushogi has exited and must be restarted).
-
-The game parser recognizes only algebraic notation.
-
-AUTHORS
-
-Original authors of XBoard:  Chris Sears and Dan Sears.
-
-Enhancements for XBoard (Version 2.0):  Tim Mann.
-
-Conversion to XShogi (Version 1.1):  Matthias Mutz.
-
-Current maintainer: Mike Vanier.
-
-COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
-
-XShogi borrows its piece bitmaps from CRANES Shogi.
-
-Copyright 1991 by Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts.
-Enhancements Copyright 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  Enhancements
-Copyright 1993 Matthias Mutz.  Further enhancements copyright 1999 by
-Michael Vanier and the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-The following terms apply to Digital Equipment Corporation's copyright
-interest in XBoard:
-
-All Rights Reserved
-
-Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
-documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
-provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
-both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
-supporting documentation, and that the name of Digital not be used in
-advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software
-without specific, written prior permission.
-
-DIGITAL DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING
-ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL
-DIGITAL BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR
-ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
-WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
-ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
-SOFTWARE.
-
-The following terms apply to the enhanced version of XShogi distributed
-by the Free Software Foundation:
-
-This file is part of XSHOGI.
-
-XSHOGI is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-ANY WARRANTY.  No author or distributor accepts responsibility to anyone
-for the consequences of using it or for whether it serves any particular
-purpose or works at all, unless he says so in writing.  Refer to the
-XSHOGI General Public License for full details.
-
-Everyone is granted permission to copy, modify and redistribute XSHOGI,
-but only under the conditions described in the XSHOGI General Public
-License. A copy of this license is supposed to have been given to you
-along with XSHOGI so you can know your rights and responsibilities.  It
-should be in a file named COPYING.  Among other things, the copyright
-notice and this notice must be preserved on all copies.
-
-
-@c ---------------------
-@c References and links.
-@c ---------------------
-
-@node    References and links, Acknowledgements, xshogi, Top
-@chapter References and links
-@cindex  References
-@cindex  Books
-@cindex  Mailing lists
-@cindex  Web sites
-
-
-There are very few English-language books for people learning shogi.
-The two I recommend are:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item
-@cite{Shogi for Beginners, 2nd. Edition}, by John Fairbairn.  This is a
-superb beginner's book in every way, covering all phases of the game.
-It was out of print for a long time, but has now been reprinted and is
-available either from Kiseido (@uref{http://www.labnet.or.jp/~kiseido})
-or from George Hodges (see below).
-
-@item
-@cite{The Art of Shogi}, by Tony Hoskings.  This is one step up from the
-Fairbairn book.  It covers a lot of ground, and is especially noteworthy
-for its detailed treatment of opening lines.  You can order this book
-from Amazon.com's UK branch (@uref{http://www.amazon.co.uk}).
-
-@end enumerate
-
-Another book you may find is @cite{Shogi: Japan's Game of Strategy} by
-Trevor Leggett.  This book is very elementary and is somewhat outdated,
-having been published first in 1966.  However, it does feature a paper
-shogi board and punch-out pieces, so if you want a really cheap shogi
-set you might pick this book up.  It is still in print.
-
-Two books that are no longer in print but are definitely worth getting
-if you find them are @cite{Guide to Shogi Openings} and @cite{Better
-Moves for Better Shogi}, both by Aono Teriuchi.  They are published in a
-bilingual edition (English/Japanese) and are the only books on shogi in
-English written by a Japanese professional shogi player.  John Fairbairn
-did the translation from Japanese to English.
-
-Shogi sets are available from:
-
-@quotation
-George F. Hodges @*
-P.O. Box 77 @*
-Bromley, Kent @*
-United Kingdom BR1 2WT
-@end quotation
-
-George also sells equipment for all the historical shogi variants
-(@pxref{Shogi variants}) (except for Kyoku tai shogi) and also sells
-back issues of the magazine ``Shogi'' which he published for 70 issues
-in the late 70's to late 80's.  This magazine is STRONGLY recommended;
-it contains more information about shogi in English than you will ever
-find anywhere else.
-
-Here are some useful URLs:
-
-@table @asis
-
-@item Pieter Stouten's shogi page: @uref{http://www.shogi.net}
-This is the main shogi-related site on the internet, with links to
-almost all the other sites.
-
-@item Roger Hare's shogi page: @uref{http://www.ed.ac.uk/~rjhare/shogi}
-This has lots of information, including full rules to most of the shogi
-variants.
-
-@item Patrick Davin's Shogi Nexus: @uref{http://www.vega.or.jp/~patrick/shogi/}
-There's lots of cool stuff on this site; my favorite is the extensive
-collection of Tsume-shogi (mating) problems, both for beginners and
-more advanced players.
-
-@item Steve Evans' shogi page: @uref{http://www.netspace.net.au/~trout/index.html} 
-Steve has written a program that plays almost all of the shogi variants,
-unfortunately it only runs on Windows :-(
-
-@item Hans Bodlaender's chess variant pages: @uref{http://www.cs.ruu.nl/~hansb/d.chessvar}
-This page has an almost unimaginable variety of rules for different
-chess variants, including many shogi variants (historical and non-historical).
-
-@end table
-
-@c -----------------
-@c Acknowledgements.
-@c -----------------
-
-@node    Acknowledgements, Bugs, References and links, Top
-@chapter Acknowledgements
-@cindex  Acknowledgements
-
-I would like to thank the following people:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item
-Matthias Mutz, who originally developed GNU shogi as a spin-off of GNU
-chess and who very kindly let me take over the maintenance of this very
-interesting project.
-
-@item
-Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation, for creating an
-organization where anyone can contribute software for the common good of
-all, for making GNU/Linux possible, and especially for writing emacs and
-gcc, without which my working life would be intolerable.
-
-@item
-Georges Hodges, for starting the Shogi Association in England, without
-which I would probably never have heard of shogi, for supplying shogi
-equipment, for publishing the excellent magazine ``Shogi'' (now sadly
-defunct), for personally answering all my silly questions by mail, and
-for being the ambassador of shogi to the West.
-
-@item
-Pieter Stouten, for having the most comprehensive shogi site on the
-World Wide Web (@uref{http://www.shogi.net}), and for
-maintaining the shogi-l mailing list.  Go to Pieter's web site for more
-information on subscribing to the list.  Also thanks to everyone who
-contributes and has contributed to that list.
-
-@item
-Matt Casters, for testing GNU shogi.  Matt and I will be working
-together on improving the solution engine in future versions of this
-program.
-
-@end itemize
-
-@c -----
-@c Bugs.
-@c -----
-
-@node    Bugs, Index, Acknowledgements, Top
-@chapter Bugs
-
-The motto of GNU shogi is ``100% bug-free or you don't pay!'' :-) In
-the extremely unlikely case (*ahem*) that you do find a bug, please
-report it to the bug tracker at
-@uref{https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/gnushogi/}.  Also, feel free
-to post comments, complaints, out-and-out raves, suggestions and such
-to one of the mailing lists at
-@uref{https://savannah.gnu.org/mail/?group=gnushogi}.
-
-
-@c ============
-@c End of body.
-@c ============
-
-
-
-@c ====
-@c End.
-@c ====
-
-@node    Index,  , Bugs, Top
-@chapter Index
-
-@printindex cp
-
-@contents
-
-@bye
-
-
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 1d1c99cc2fb9fe458ef8c1bbdae457619c8f5768 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2013 21:11:59 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 14/16] Drop useless defines for pat2inc build.

---
 gnushogi/Makefile.in |    2 +-
 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gnushogi/Makefile.in b/gnushogi/Makefile.in
index bd2c6a5..d8749dc 100644
--- a/gnushogi/Makefile.in
+++ b/gnushogi/Makefile.in
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ util.o: util.c
 # Files specific to particular targets.
 
 pat2inc.o: pat2inc.c
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(BINBOOK) $(PATTERN) -c $<
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
 
 sizetest.o: sizetest.c
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 83df80656b43f988f8eb6c488beea936c39b19e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2013 21:25:19 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 15/16] Minor pat2inc code cleanups

---
 gnushogi/makepattern.c |    3 +--
 gnushogi/pat2inc.c     |    3 ---
 gnushogi/pattern.c     |    1 -
 3 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gnushogi/makepattern.c b/gnushogi/makepattern.c
index 34053d8..2a846e4 100644
--- a/gnushogi/makepattern.c
+++ b/gnushogi/makepattern.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 #define MAX_OPENING_SEQUENCE 20
 #define MAX_PATTERN          200
 
-char *patternfile = PATTERNFILE;
+static char *patternfile = PATTERNFILE;
 small_short pattern_data[MAX_PATTERN_DATA];
 
 /* minimal ShowMessage to avoid dependency on extraneous display code */
@@ -188,7 +188,6 @@ ScanPattern (char *s, short *pindex)
 
 void
 ReadOpeningSequences (short *pindex)
-
 {
     FILE *fd;
     char s[256];
diff --git a/gnushogi/pat2inc.c b/gnushogi/pat2inc.c
index 00d505e..53daa20 100644
--- a/gnushogi/pat2inc.c
+++ b/gnushogi/pat2inc.c
@@ -84,9 +84,7 @@ test_distance(void)
 
 int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
-
 {
-
     short sq, side, max_pattern_data;
 
 #ifdef TEST_DISTANCE
@@ -131,4 +129,3 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/gnushogi/pattern.c b/gnushogi/pattern.c
index f5209d7..3891b2e 100644
--- a/gnushogi/pattern.c
+++ b/gnushogi/pattern.c
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ GetOpeningPatterns (short *max_opening_sequence)
 
 void
 ShowOpeningPatterns (short max_opening_sequence)
-
 {
     short os, p, n, i;
 
-- 
1.7.0.4


From 7ea13a3715e6fdbefb8d844ad3b0d9c106e98f9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yann Dirson <ydirson@free.fr>
Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2013 21:25:35 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 16/16] Kill dead code in pat2inc.

---
 gnushogi/pat2inc.c |   41 -----------------------------------------
 1 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gnushogi/pat2inc.c b/gnushogi/pat2inc.c
index 53daa20..0d464cf 100644
--- a/gnushogi/pat2inc.c
+++ b/gnushogi/pat2inc.c
@@ -38,50 +38,9 @@
 extern void ReadOpeningSequences(short *pindex);
 extern void WriteOpeningSequences(short pindex);
 
-/*
-
-small_short PieceCnt[2];
-small_short PieceList[2][NO_SQUARES];
-small_short PieceIndex[NO_SQUARES];
-*/
-
 small_short board[NO_SQUARES];
 small_short color[NO_SQUARES];
 
-void
-test_distance(void)
-{
-    short side, piece, f, t, d;
-
-    for (side = 0; side <= 1; side++)
-    {
-        printf("SIDE = %d\n", side);
-
-        for (piece = pawn; piece <= king; piece++)
-        {
-            printf("PIECE = %d\n", piece);
-
-            for (f = 0; f < NO_SQUARES; f++)
-            {
-                printf("FROM %d TO ", f);
-
-                for (t = 0; t < NO_SQUARES; t++)
-                {
-                    d = piece_distance(side, piece, f, t);
-
-                    if (d != CANNOT_REACH)
-                        printf("%d:%d ", t, d);
-                }
-
-                printf("\n");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-}
-
-
-
 int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-- 
1.7.0.4