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5 <script type="text/javascript" src="chu.js"></script>
7 <h1>Shogi (Japanese Chess)</h1>
9 Shogi (literally meaning 'Generals Game') is highly popular in Japan,
10 and is the World's third major Chess variant, after Xiangqi and FIDE.
11 Draws hardly occur, because there rule that captured pieces can be dropped back on the board
12 ensures the game can go on until a decision is reached.
13 Historically, it are these piece drops that have won the game its popularity;
14 the dropless version, Sho Shogi (= small Shogi) was overwhelmed in popularity by the also dropless Chu Shogi
17 <table cellpadding="20"><tr><td>
20 <h3>Initial setup</h3>
28 d1, d8, f1, f8: Gold General
30 c1, c8, g1, g8: Silver General
32 b1, b8, h1, h8: (Shogi) Knight
40 <h3>Moves at a Glance</h3>
42 <p>Click on a piece below to see its moves</p>
44 <table class="board"><tr><td class="n">
46 </td><td class="n" id="1x9">
48 </td><td class="n" id="2x9">
50 </td><td class="n" id="3x9">
52 </td><td class="n" id="4x9">
54 </td><td class="n" id="5x9">
56 </td><td class="n" id="6x9">
58 </td><td class="n" id="7x9">
60 </td><td class="n" id="8x9">
62 </td><td class="n" id="9x9">
64 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x8">
66 </td><td class="n" id="1x8">
68 </td><td class="n" id="2x8">
70 </td><td class="n" id="3x8">
72 </td><td class="n" id="4x8">
74 </td><td class="n" id="5x8">
76 </td><td class="n" id="6x8">
78 </td><td class="n" id="7x8">
80 </td><td class="n" id="8x8">
82 </td><td class="n" id="9x8">
84 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x7">
86 </td><td class="n" id="1x7">
88 </td><td class="n" id="2x7">
90 </td><td class="n" id="3x7" onmouseDown="down_click(3,7)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
91 <img src="sym/WhiteGold.png">
92 </td><td class="n" id="4x7" onmouseDown="down_click(4,7)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
93 <img src="sym/WhiteAdvisor.png">
94 </td><td class="n" id="5x7">
96 </td><td class="n" id="6x7">
98 </td><td class="n" id="7x7">
100 </td><td class="n" id="8x7">
102 </td><td class="n" id="9x7">
104 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x6">
106 </td><td class="n" id="1x6">
108 </td><td class="n" id="2x6">
110 </td><td class="n" id="3x6">
112 </td><td class="n" id="4x6">
114 </td><td class="n" id="5x6">
116 </td><td class="n" id="6x6" onmouseDown="down_click(6,6)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
117 <img src="sym/WhiteKing.png">
118 </td><td class="n" id="7x6" onmouseDown="down_click(7,0)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
120 </td><td class="n" id="8x6">
122 </td><td class="n" id="9x6">
124 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x5">
126 </td><td class="n" id="1x5">
128 </td><td class="n" id="2x5">
130 </td><td class="n" id="3x5">
132 </td><td class="n" id="4x5">
134 </td><td class="n" id="5x5">
136 </td><td class="n" id="6x5" onmouseDown="down_click(6,5)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
137 <img src="sym/WhiteCrownedRook.png">
138 </td><td class="n" id="7x5" onmouseDown="down_click(7,5)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
139 <img src="sym/WhiteRook.png">
140 </td><td class="n" id="8x5">
142 </td><td class="n" id="9x5">
144 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x4">
146 </td><td class="n" id="1x4">
148 </td><td class="n" id="2x4">
150 </td><td class="n" id="3x4">
152 </td><td class="n" id="4x4">
154 </td><td class="n" id="5x4">
156 </td><td class="n" id="6x4" onmouseDown="down_click(6,4)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
157 <img src="sym/WhiteCrownedBishop.png">
158 </td><td class="n" id="7x4" onmouseDown="down_click(7,4)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
159 <img src="sym/WhiteBishop.png">
160 </td><td class="n" id="8x4">
162 </td><td class="n" id="9x4">
164 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x3">
166 </td><td class="n" id="1x3">
168 </td><td class="n" id="2x3">
170 </td><td class="n" id="3x3">
172 </td><td class="n" id="4x3">
174 </td><td class="n" id="5x3">
176 </td><td class="n" id="6x3">
178 </td><td class="n" id="7x3">
180 </td><td class="n" id="8x3">
182 </td><td class="n" id="9x3">
184 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x2">
186 </td><td class="n" id="1x2">
188 </td><td class="n" id="2x2">
190 </td><td class="n" id="3x2" onmouseDown="down_click(3,2)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
191 <img src="sym/WhiteKnight.png">
192 </td><td class="n" id="4x2" onmouseDown="down_click(4,2)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
193 <img src="sym/WhiteLance.png">
194 </td><td class="n" id="5x2">
196 </td><td class="n" id="6x2" onmouseDown="down_click(6,2)" onmouseUp="up_click()">
197 <img src="sym/WhitePawn.png">
198 </td><td class="n" id="7x2">
200 </td><td class="n" id="8x2">
202 </td><td class="n" id="9x2">
204 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x1">
206 </td><td class="n" id="1x1">
208 </td><td class="n" id="2x1">
210 </td><td class="n" id="3x1">
212 </td><td class="n" id="4x1">
214 </td><td class="n" id="5x1">
216 </td><td class="n" id="6x1">
218 </td><td class="n" id="7x1">
220 </td><td class="n" id="8x1">
222 </td><td class="n" id="9x1">
224 </td></tr><tr><td class="n" id="0x0">
226 </td><td class="n" id="1x0">
228 </td><td class="n" id="2x0">
230 </td><td class="n" id="3x0">
232 </td><td class="n" id="4x0">
234 </td><td class="n" id="5x0">
236 </td><td class="n" id="6x0">
238 </td><td class="n" id="7x0">
240 </td><td class="n" id="8x0">
242 </td><td class="n" id="9x0">
246 <p id="piece" height="20">:<br>:<br>:<br>:</p>
248 <table cellpadding="5" border="1"><tr><td>
255 Moves (<a href="Betza.html">Betza notation</a>)
338 </td></tr><tr><td colspan="5">
339 Promoted pieces (not initially present)
361 <h3>Pawn peculiarities</h3>
363 <li>Pawns move <b>and capture</b> straight ahead.</li>
364 <li>It is forbidded to have more than one Pawn in the same file.</li>
365 <li>It is forbidden to checkmate the opponent with a Pawn drop.</p>
367 <h3>General rules</h3>
369 <li>The game is won by capturing the opponent's King.</li>
370 <li>Pieces captured change color, and are kept in hand by the side who captured them.
371 In stead of a normal move, such pieces can be dropped at any later time.</li>
372 <li>Pieces cannot be moved or dropped to a location where all their moves would go off board.</li>
373 <li>Pieces promote at the end of a move into, in or out of the promotion zone.</li>
374 <li>The promotion zone consists of the last three ranks.</li>
375 <li>Pieces obtained by promotion revert to their original form on capture.</li>
376 <li>Perpetual checking is forbidden, and would be ruled a loss on the 4-fold repeat.</li>
378 <h3>XBoard interface issues</h3>
380 You can drop pieces by dragging them onto the board from the holdings displayed beside the board.
383 Of course there will always be people that prefer an oriental look, with pentagonal kanji tiles.
384 XBoard comes with a set of kanji pieces in the 'themes/shogi' sub-directory of its data directory
385 (e.g. /usr/local/share/games/xboard).
386 You can select that as -pieceImageDirectory (-pid for short) from the command line, or from the View -> Board dialog.
387 You would also have to tick 'Flip black pieces Shogi style' there (or use the option <b>-flipBlack true</b>)
388 to make sure the pieces won't go upside down when you flip the view.
390 <h3>Differences with FIDE</h3>
392 In stead of Queens you have Silver and Gold Generals, and Lances.
393 The Knight only has the two forward-most moves of a FIDE Knight.
394 Pawns capture straight ahead.
395 Captured pieces can later be dropped to augment the army of their capturer.
396 There is no castling, Pawn double-push or e.p. capture.
397 Other pieces than Pawns also promote.
398 The promotion zone is three ranks deep in stead of one.
400 <h3>Strategy issues</h3>
402 Because pieces are dropped back, there will not be a traditional end-game.
403 Trading material does not constitute progress towards winning, even when you are ahead.
406 Because Gold Generals obtained through promotion revert to their original form on capture,
407 they are really different piece types from the primordial Golds that move the same.
408 In notation they are therefore not indicated as 'G', but as the ID of the original piece prefixed with a '+'.
409 Especially the promoted Pawn (aka Tokin) is more valuable: it is much better to lose a Gold that gives the opponent a Pawn in hand,
410 than to lose a Gold that gives him a Gold in hand.
413 Most pieces are quite slow, or not manoeuvrable at all, and their practical value is very dependent on how far they are from the Kings.
416 Pieces in hand are in general worth more than on the board, as they are much more mobile.
417 And you can drop them in the promotion for an easy promotion on the next turn.
418 But pieces in hand cannot capture anything, and don't guard your promotion zone.